PURPOSE OF REVIEW The persistence of HIV within infected CD4 T cells is a major obstacle to eradication, and assessment of the strategies to reduce HIV reservoirs is one of the major challenges. Measuring HIV reservoirs accurately will be necessary to assess those strategies. The objective of this review is to present the most recent studies that may help to define the best markers to measure H...

nowadays, by complication of production mechanisms from reservoirs and depletion of most of the reservoirs in iran, secondary production has become more important. regarding the nature of iranian reservoirs and carbonate inherencies and diagenetic and tectonic effects on these reservoirs, we see heterogeneities in them which cause uncertainty in predictions and performance of these reservoirs. ...

the transfer and sedimentation in storage dams reduce the volume and damage the life of water reservoirs. due to the importance of water, its storage, and the cost time of constructing reservoirs, especially the scarcity of construncting sites for them, a lot of attentions should be given to the sedimentation of dam reservoirs. it requires the estimate of thew sedimentation and its management. ...

Use of high-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) in unconventional reservoirs to recover previously inaccessible oil and natural gas is rapidly expanding in North America and elsewhere. Although hydraulic fracturing has been practiced for decades, the advent of more technologically advanced horizontal drilling coupled with improved slickwater chemical formulations has allowed extensive natural ga...

BACKGROUND Campylobacteriosis contributes strongly to the disease burden of food-borne pathogens. Case-control studies are limited in attributing human infections to the different reservoirs because they can only trace back to the points of exposure, which may not point to the original reservoirs because of cross-contamination. Human Campylobacter infections can be attributed to specific reserv...

In this report we studied the effect of reservoir topology on the learning performance of the echo state networks. Different tasks with different properties were defined and three general models (scale-free, small-world and random) were considered for reservoirs. Some relations between the topology-related parameters of the reservoirs and performance of it (mean square error) was discovered. Fo...

Abstract This paper presents a spill-minimizing operating policy for refill of reservoirs in parallel for water supply considering water quality criteria. First a Linear Programming form of the New York City Rule is developed. Next, this formulation is extended to consider stratified water quality in the reservoirs and a requirement of water quality for the downstream demand. Both approaches ar...

Reservoirs exhibit gradients in conditions and resources along the transition from lotic to lentic habitat that may be important to bluegill ecology. The lotic-lentic gradient can be partitioned into three functional zones: the riverine, transitional, and lacustrine zones. We measured catch frequency and length of bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus) captured along the periphery of these areas (i.e....

Open systems are usually understood as a small Hamiltonian system (i.e. with a finite number of degrees of freedom) in contact with one or several large reservoirs. There are several ways to model reservoirs and we will take the point of view that the reservoirs are also Hamiltonian systems themselves. It is a convenient physical and mathematical idealization to separate scales and assume that ...