Perovskite oxides degrade at elevated temperatures while precipitating dopant-rich particles on the surface. A knowledge-based improvement of surface stability requires a fundamental and quantitative understanding dopant precipitation mechanism these materials. We propose that is consequence variation solubility between calcination operating conditions in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) electrol...

patients and methods previously recorded data of 231 patients who underwent surgical closure of vsd between january 2009 and january 2012 at the rajaie cardiovascular medical and research center were retrospectively reviewed. vsd surgical repair was performed using continues suturing technique in group a patients (n = 163, 70.6%) and interrupted suturing technique in group b patients (n = 68, 2...

A cluster dynamics (CD) model has been developed to investigate the nucleation and growth of point defect clusters, i.e., interstitial prismatic loops nanoscale sub-nanoscale voids, in ThO2 during irradiation by energetic particles. The considers off-stoichiometry due asymmetry generation on O Th sublattices under irradiation, as well diffusivities binding energies clusters. were established us...

Planar defect structures appearing in transition metal diboride (TMB2) thin films, grown by different magnetron sputtering-deposition approaches over a wide compositional and elemental range, were systematically investigated. Atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging, energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) mapping, first principles calculations have been applied to e...

background: congenital heart disease (chd) is the most common congenital anomaly in newborns. this study was performed to determine the live birth incidence of chd by ethnicity and sex in gorgan, northern iran. methods: in this longitudinal, hospital-based study, 18162 live births in dezyani hospital in gorgan, north of iran, were screened for chd, from 2007 through 2009. clinical examination, ...

We studied the interactions between the carboxylate anchoring group from trimethylacetic acid (TMAA) and CeO2(111) surfaces as a function of oxygen stoichiometry using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The stoichiometric CeO2(111) surface was obtained by annealing the thin film under 2.0 × 10(-5) Torr of oxygen at ∼550 °C for 30 min. In order to reduce the CeO2(111) surface, the t...