Objectives: The stockpiling of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) antivirals as a defence against pandemic influenza is a significant public health policy decision that must be made despite a lack of conclusive evidence from randomised controlled trials regarding the effectiveness of NAIs on important clinical end points such as mortality. The objective of this study was to determine whether NAIs sh...

Sulfur mustard is a synthetic organic compound. It was first manufactured in 1822 by the action of ethene on sulfur monochloride or dichloride. Since then, the methods of manufacture have been refined, although they have not been changed substantially. Three main processes have been used. The Germans produced sulfur mustard using the Meyer process, which involved treating ethylene with hypochlo...

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China is currently accelerating construction of its strategic petroleum reserves. How should China fill the SPR in a cost-effective manner in the short-run? Howmight this affect world oil prices? Using a dynamic programming model to answer these questions, the objective of this paper is to minimize the stockpiling costs, including consumer surplus as well as crude acquisition and holding costs....

PROBLEM During an influenza outbreak or pandemic, timely access to antivirals is essential to reduce disease severity and transmission. Best practices in antiviral procurement, storage, distribution, prescription and dispensing must be followed for prompt drug delivery. APPROACH Mexico implemented a national pandemic preparedness plan in 2006 and created a strategic antiviral stockpile. Oselt...

Aktivitas pemuatan (loading) ke tongkang ditunjang oleh Barge Loading Conveyor (BLC) dengan kapasitas 800 ton /jam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kegiatan penimbunan dan pembongkaran batubara pada stockpile di coal handling facilities PT.Rinjani kartanegara Penelitian menggunakan metode studi lapangan, dalam pengamatan analisis, langkah awal yang dilakukan dilapangan terkait k...

Editorials 714 Cholera is re-emerging as a threat on the global public health stage. The number of reported cases worldwide is back at the peak level observed two decades ago, 1 new Vibrio cholerae strains have appeared and antimicrobial resistance has increased. Weak surveillance systems and the possibility of travel and trade sanctions contribute to widespread underreporting of cholera cases,...

The federal government maintains large quantities of medical supplies in stock as part of its Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) to protect the American public in case of a public health emergency. Managing these large perishable inventories effectively can help reduce the cost of the SNS and improves national security. In this paper, we propose a modified Economic Manufacturing Quantity (EMQ) ...

The federal government maintains large quantities of medical supplies in stock as part of its Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) to protect the American public in case of a public health emergency. Managing these large perishable inventories effectively can help reduce the cost of the SNS and improves national security. In this paper, we propose a modified Economic Manufacturing Quantity (EMQ) ...

The shortcomings of U.S. Strategic NatiThe National Stockpile must be remedied before the next large- scale public health emergency. Here’s how.