Four Holstein steers (282 kg) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment to evaluate the influence of dietary urea level (0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2%, DM basis) in a steam-flaked barley-based finishing diet on digestive function. There were no treatment effects (P > 0.20) on ruminal digestion of OM and ADF. Increasing dietary urea level increased (li...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ground or steam-flaked corn and zinc-enriched yeast addition grower pellet feed on fattening performance, rumen papillae development, some blood parameters in lambs. For this purpose, thirty-six Kivircik male lambs were selected divided equally into six groups: basal diet containing without different form (control), 80% + 20% (PGC), (PFC), PGC Zn-enri...

We investigated the effect of pretreatment on the physicochemical characteristics-crystallinity, bed porosity, and volumetric specific surface of soybean hulls and production of cellulolytic enzymes in solid-state fermentation of Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus oryzae cultures. Mild acid and alkali and steam pretreatments significantly increased crystallinity and bed porosity without signifi...

Three hundred seventy-one crossbred-yearling heifers (299 +/- 9 kg initial BW) were obtained from a common source and used in a randomized complete-block designed finishing study. A 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments was used with one factor being diet: based on steam-flaked corn finishing diet (SFC) or SFC plus 25% (dry basis) corn wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS). The second ...

thirty two multiparous holstein cows were used in a randomized block design to investigate the effects of feeding diets included two different source of nonfiber carbohydrate during the transition period on dry matter intake (dmi), lactational performance, blood metabolites and parturitional characteristics. cows received total mixed rations containing either macaroni wastes(mw) or steam-flaked...

Ninety-six crossbred steers (312 kg) were used in a 118-d feedlot growth performance trial to determine the relative effects of degree of steam processing on the feeding value of oats in a 90% concentrate finishing diet. Treatments were 1) steam-flaked corn (SFC, density = .28 kg/L); 2) dry-rolled oats (DRO, density = .36 kg/L); 3) steam-rolled oats, coarse flake (SRO-C, density = .33 kg/L); an...

Effects of grain species and grain processing method on DMI, rate and efficiency of gain, and feeding value for cattle fed high concentrate diets were appraised by statistically compiling results from 605 comparisons from feeding trials published in North American journals and experiment station bulletins since 1974. Metabolizable energy (ME) values for each grain and processing method were cal...

Sodium metabisulfite (Na2S20S) was used to inactivate trypsin inhibitors in whole and cracked soybeans. Soybeans (400 g) steeped with 1600 ml aqueous O.IM Na2S20S at 30°C and 65°C for 2and 3-h were dehulled, dried, flaked and then defatted with either 6 batch extractions of hexane at ambient temperature or with supercritical CO2 for 15 min at 12,000 PSI and 84°C. The 2-h steep treatment at 65°C...