background accurate and rapid diagnosis of bacterial arthritis is not always possible in unvaccinated (streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae type b) children in iran. objectives searching the staphylococcal superantigen (entrotoxin a, b, c and tsst1) in synovial fluid of cases with inflammatory arthritis. patients and methods this cross sectional study was implemented in the pedia...

Majority of the global population have been affected by food-borne diseases, and Staphylococcus aureus is one causes this disease. S. can be transmitted through contaminated food a risk to universal human health because its ability produce toxins-staphylococcal enterotoxins. Additionally, methicillin resistant (MRSA) furthered public concerns. Although MRSA has identified in worldwide, little i...

Culture supernatant fluids from 26 (23.6%) monkey feeding test-positive Staphylococcus aureus strains, negative for enterotoxins by gel diffusion, were positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for one or more of the identified enterotoxins. Staphylococcal enterotoxin D (SED) was produced by 23 (88.5%) strains, SED and SEA were produced in two strains, and SED and SEC were produced in one s...

conclusions the results revealed, the specific primers that amplified the ente gene were able to amplify the staphylococcal enterotoxin-like toxin type p gene. the specific primers for the entp gene were amplified a fragmented gene (700 bp) showed 100% homology with entp reference gene and also 80% homology with enta and ente genes. results the pcr amplification method was optimized for entp ge...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins in foods. The "double-antibody sandwich" protocol combines parts of several procedures reported previously. Horseradish peroxidase was conjugated to antibody specific for an enterotoxin, and the antibody-enzyme conjugate was assayed with a 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid)-H...

notes on pathogens 1. Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus produces six types of enterotoxins (A to F). The type A is most often incriminated in outbreaks of staphylococcal food poisoining. Acute staphylococcal food poisoining is caused by the ingestion of preformed toxin contaminated food (often diary products). The incubation period is 2-6 hours and it is associated with an acute onset of nausea ...

The infection of bacterial organisms generally causes cell death to facilitate microbial invasion and immune escape, both of which are involved in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. In addition to the intercellular infectious processes, pathogen-produced/secreted enterotoxins (mostly exotoxins) are the major weapons that kill host cells and cause diseases by inducing different types of ce...