A number of methods for estimating trends in relative abundance based on standardized catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) are discussed, including general linear and additive models, habitat-based standardization, neural networks, and regression trees. Methods and criteria for testing among various standardization techniques are presented and recommendations for future research are presented. Authors’

Chemical variability of propolis is discussed with respect to the problem of standardization. Several chemical types of propolis are formulated, based on their plant source. Reliable criteria for chemical standardization of different propolis types are needed but such generally accepted criteria do not yet exist. The chemical profile of "poplar" propolis, typical for the temperate zone, can be ...

Clinical photography in the field of oculoplastic surgery has many applications. It is possible for clinicians to obtain standardized clinical photographs without a studio. A clinician photographer has the advantage of knowing exactly what to photograph as well as having immediate access to the images. In order to maintain standardization in the photographs, the photographic settings should rem...

The Computational Modeling in Biology Network (COMBINE) is a consortium of groups involved in the development of open community standards and formats used in computational modeling in biology. COMBINE's aim is to act as a coordinator, facilitator, and resource for different standardization efforts whose domains of use cover related areas of the computational biology space. In this perspective a...

Lack of awareness of the critical factors involved in production of plants and sometimes, the cultivation of plants in areas unsusceptible to plant, can increase the amount of chemical fertilizer consumption in order to compensate the subsequent reduction of plant yield. This would increase environmental pollution. Thus, identifying of suitable areas where could supply plants initial needs of t...

The performance of firms in the software industry depends considerably on the quality of their software development processes. How should such firms manage software development projects so that their development processes are flexible and predictable resulting in products that meet quality goals, which are delivered within budget and are also developed on-time? Managing software development is ...

To obtain insights into similarities and differences in the biological actions of related drugs or toxic agents, their transcriptomal signature profiles (TSPs) have been examined in a large number of studies. However, many such reports did not provide proper justification for the dosage criteria of each agent. Using a well characterized cell culture model of estrogen-dependent proliferation of ...

     In the way of finding economic and tolerable plant to the arid and semi-arid climatic conditions and prevent desertification in these areas, this study aims to assess Agro-climatic suitability for producing Saffron in East-Azerbaijan province based on Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis technique. For this goal, several criteria including soil conditions, climatological in...