When Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae infects a male Silene latifolia, M. lychnidis-dioicae smut spores develop in the pollen sac instead of pollen. In contrast, when M. lychnidis-dioicae infects a female S. latifolia, the female flowers become male-like, promoting stamen formation. However, it is unclear when and how M. lychnidis-dioicae invades the anther. It is important to investigate not onl...

The Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) stain, also known as the acidfast stain, has been reported to be helpful in detection and identification of Schistosoma eggs. In histological sections, Schistosoma mansoni egg shells appear as ZN positive and Schistosoma haematobium shells as ZN negative. The staining target of the responsible ZN component (carbolfuchsin) in the shell is unknown. Because carbolfuchsin is ...

Attempts were made to improve fixation and embedding methods for electron microscopy of Alternaria alternata spores. Among 16 methods tested, the ultrastructural images were greatly improved by the use of an en bloc alkaline bismuth stain or an osmium tetroxide-potassium ferrocyanide (reduced osmium) fixative. The cellular membranes were highly contrasted even in unstained sections obtained fro...

Superficial myofibroblastoma of the lower female genital tract is a rare benign, recently recognized neoplasm that mostly affects vulvovaginal area. In this paper we reported case 47years old lady who had 3-Normal vaginal deliveries , she presented with complain dysuria difficult micturition abdominal pain, heaviness in vagina and discharges. Vaginal examination showed well demarcated smooth ma...

Yeast cells are protected by a cell wall that plays an important role in the exchange of substances with the environment. The cell wall structure is dynamic and can adapt to different physiological states or environmental conditions. For the investigation of morphological changes, selective staining with fluorescent dyes is a valuable tool. Furthermore, cell wall staining is used to facilitate ...