Distributed irrigation systems are those in which the water access (via pump or human power), distribution (via furrow, watering can, sprinkler, drip lines, etc.), and use all occur at or near the same location. Distributed systems are typically privately owned and managed by individuals or groups, in contrast to centralized irrigation systems, which tend to be publicly operated and involve lar...

todays, productivity and efficiency of irrigation have been in the center of the many water-related issues. by using sprinkler irrigation systems in addition to watering easier and automatic, that is a device for raising water application uniformity and efficiency which ultimately will save water consumption and production increase. in this study, four fixed irrigation systems of khorramabad ci...

Ballistic simulation of the spray sprinkler for self-propelled irrigation machines requires the incorporation of the effect of the jet impact with the deflecting plate. The kinetic energy losses produced by the jet impact with the spray plate were experimentally characterized for different nozzle sizes and two working pressures for fixed spray plate sprinklers (FSPS). A technique of low speed p...

up to now, interactions between method and amount of nitrogen fertilizers application on plant density and variety of wheat under sprinkler irrigation systems have not been studied. thus, this research was conducted during two years in esfehan region with split factorial design. the treatments of this experiment were: three fertilizers application methods (conventional manual application at the...

J. Econ. Entomol. 72: 261-264 (1979) Potatoes grown under furrow irrigation sustained over 58 times greater infestation by Phthorimaea operCIIlella (Zeller) and 3 times more green tubers than potatoes grown under sprinkler irrigation even though foliage tuberworm populations, soil type, and soil moisture levels were similar. Water usage on a per ha basis was more efficient under sprinkler irrig...

Sprinkler selection influences the water distribution uniformity of center pivot irrigation systems. The sprinkling uniformity of the center pivot is crucial for the yield and quality of crops on a large scale. Rotating and fixed spray plate sprinklers (RSPSs and FSPSs) are the two most popular types. However, sprinkler selection is mainly based on price, not on differences in performance betwe...

Use of the double ring infiltrometer to measure soil water infiltration in center pivot irrigation systems isn’t an accurate approach because the real conditions of infiltration under center pivot sprinklers is different from what happens in the double ring. In this study the infiltration parameters were evaluated in real conditions of a center pivot system. For this purpose a single ring...