PURPOSE To develop a method for evaluating viscosity and elasticity of the cornea and to examine the effect that both properties have on hysteresis. METHODS A three-component spring and dashpot model was created in Simulink in Matlab to represent the purely elastic and viscoelastic behavior of the cornea during a measurement using device called an ocular response analyzer (ORA). Values for el...

There are three forces acting on the valve plate: the force of the escaping air Fv, the force of the steel spring Fs and the pneumatic damping force due to the pressure of the air in the dashpot Fd. Each of these forces varies with distance x. These interact with the valve mass and the pipeline dynamics to produce instability. Perturbations in the pressure travel along the pipe at the sonic vel...

We present a non-trivial case study designed to highlight some of the practical issues that arise when using mixedor complexrobust synthesis methodologies. By considering a multi-input multi-output three-cart mass–spring–dashpot (MSD) with uncertain parameters and dynamics, it is demonstrated that optimized performance (disturbance-rejection) is reduced as the level of uncertainty in one or two...

We solve the local and global structural identifiability problems for viscoelastic mechanical models represented by networks of springs and dashpots. We propose a very simple characterization of both local and global structural identifiability based on identifiability tables, with the purpose of providing a guideline for constructing arbitrarily complex, identifiable spring-dashpot networks. We...

We examine different approaches to model viscoelasticity within atomic force microscopy (AFM) simulation. Our study ranges from very simple linear spring-dashpot models to more sophisticated nonlinear systems that are able to reproduce fundamental properties of viscoelastic surfaces, including creep, stress relaxation and the presence of multiple relaxation times. Some of the models examined ha...

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A finite element model of the human neck that consists of the vertebral bodies, internal discs, ligaments and muscles has been developed in this study. Not only representing the precise geometry of the human body parts, this study also focused on the muscular response during impacts. A spring-dashpot model has been introduced to activate muscle elements in the head-neck-thorax complex. The eval...