Sepsis is a major cause of death worldwide. We show that a plasma protein histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) was decreased significantly in septic mice with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and supplementary treatment of septic mice with exogenous HRG improved survival, with strong inhibition of tight attachment of neutrophils to pulmonary vasculatures, subsequent immunothrombosis, DIC state, l...

BACKGROUND Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) regulates coagulation through its ability to bind and neutralize heparins. HRG associates with Zn(2+) to stimulate HRG-heparin complex formation. Under normal conditions, the majority of plasma Zn(2+) associates with human serum albumin (HSA). However, free fatty acids (FFAs) allosterically disrupt Zn(2+) binding to HSA. Thus, high levels of circulat...

Heregulin (HRG) belongs to a family of polypeptide growth factors that bind to receptor tyrosine kinases ErbB3 and ErbB4. HRG binding induces ErbB3 and ErbB4 heterodimerization with ErbB2, activating downstream signal transduction. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a primary regulator of physiological angiogenesis and is a major mediator of pathological angiogenesis, such as tumor-as...

Heregulin (HRG) belongs to a family of polypeptide growth factors that bind to receptor tyrosine kinases ErbB3 and ErbB4. HRG binding induces ErbB3 and ErbB4 heterodimerization with ErbB2, activating downstream signal transduction. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a primary regulator of physiological angiogenesis and is a major mediator of pathological angiogenesis, such as tumor-as...

Several peptides, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), heregulin (HRG) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), are ligands for EGFR family. Heregulin beta 1 (HRG-β1) binds to ErbB-3 and -4 and plays important roles in the proliferation and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells. We investigated proteins through which HRG treatment affects matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity. Breast c...

Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is a 75-kDa heparin-binding plasma protein implicated in the regulation of tumor growth and vascularization. In this study, we show that hrg(-/-) mice challenged with fibrosarcoma or pancreatic carcinoma grow larger tumors with increased metastatic properties. Compared with wild-type mice, fibrosarcomas in hrg(-/-) mice were more hypoxic, necrotic, and less per...

Histidine-rich Glycoprotein (HRG) is a metal-binding protein described from the blood plasma of a pteriomorph bivalve, the marine mussel Mytilus edulis L. We demonstrate here, using Cd-Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography (IMAC), SDS-PAGE, Western Blotting, and ELISA, that HRG is present in three additional pteriomorphs and two heterodont bivalves. ELISA indicates that HRG is the predomina...

We have found using differential display of mRNA that the growth factor heregulin beta 1 (HRG), a combinatorial ligand for human epidermal growth factor receptors (HERs), induced expression of G3BP, the Ras GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain-binding protein, in breast cancer cells. G3BP is a downstream effector protein of Ras signaling with ATP-dependent RNase and helicase activities, which m...

Fungi, such as Candida spp., are commonly found on the skin and at mucosal surfaces. Yet, they rarely cause invasive infections in immunocompetent individuals, an observation reflecting the ability of our innate immune system to control potentially invasive microbes found at biological boundaries. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides are becoming increasingly recognized as important effectors of...

Introduction Healthcare Resource Groups [HRG] are the mechanism by which patient activity is classified according to case mix in England. They are the primary funding mechanism for acute care in the English National Health Service [NHS], under the Department of Health's Payment by Results [PbR] national policy. This Department collects annual cost data ('Reference Costs'), and uses this as the ...