OBJECTIVE To determine whether benzodiazepine and propofol doses are increased at night and whether daytime and nighttime sedative doses are associated with delirium, coma, and delayed liberation from mechanical ventilation. DESIGN Single-center, prospective cohort study nested within the Awakening and Breathing Controlled randomized trial. SETTING Saint Thomas Hospital in Nashville, TN, fr...

Background About 40 to 60% of all patients admitted to pediatric intensive care unitsundergo mechanical ventilation and 10 to 20% will fail to be extubated. We aimed to determine the role of the rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) in predicting successful weaning of pediatric patients with respiratory failure.   Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, was performed on 72 mechanical...

introduction respiratory distress syndrome (rds) is a current cause of morbidity in premature infants resulted from surfactant deficiency. the primary aim of this randomized study was to describe the feasibility of early administration of surfactant via a thin catheter during spontaneous breathing (tec) and compare its outcomes with the insure (intubate, surfactant, extubate) procedure material...

OBJECTIVES To assess whether the combination of daily evaluation and use of a spontaneous breathing test could shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation as compared with weaning based on our standard of care. Secondary outcome measures included extubation failure rate and the need for noninvasive ventilation. DESIGN A prospective, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Two pediatric inte...

BACKGROUND Sevoflurane is suggested as a suitable anesthetic agent for mask induction in adults. The authors recently found that hyperventilation during sevoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen mask induction is associated with cardiovascular hyperdynamic response. We tested the hypothesis that the hyperdynamic response can be explained by electroencephalography (EEG) findings. METHODS Thirty women w...

BACKGROUND The pediatric literature addressing extubation readiness parameters and strategies to wean from mechanical ventilation is limited. METHODS We designed a survey to assess the use of extubation readiness parameters among pediatric critical care physicians at academic centers in the United States. RESULTS The overall response rate was 44.1% (417/945). The majority of respondents che...

OBJECTIVE Mortality rates from birth asphyxia in low-income countries remain high. Face mask ventilation (FMV) performed by midwives is the usual method of resuscitating neonates in such settings but may not always be effective. The i-gel is a cuffless laryngeal mask airway (LMA) that could enhance neonatal resuscitation performance. We aimed to compare LMA and face mask (FM) during neonatal re...