RATIONALE Anthracyclines cardiotoxicity characterized by dilated myocardiopathy has been well described in the literature. However, anthracyclines-induced valvular diseases have been seldom reported. PATIENT CONCERNS In this study, we present the case of a 62-year-old Chinese female patient with breast cancer developing severe mitral regurgitation after anthracycline exposure. DIAGNOSES The...

RATIONALE Iliac arterial fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) was rarely reported and its demographic, clinical, and imaging features have not been precisely described resulting in uncertain therapeutic methods. PATIENT CONCERNS A 31-year-old man was referred because of 3-month-ago onset hypertension, low serum potassium, and a small-sized right kidney with normal renal artery under ultrasound exami...

The ultrastructure of the secreting and non-secreting rabbit choroid plexus has been examined with the electron microscope. Secretion was inhibited by perfusion with an artificial cerebrospinal fluid containing one of the following drugs that have been shown to inhibit CSF formation and also the rate of penetration of sodium ions into the fluid: Ouabain, Diamox, Spirolactone and Amiloride. Perf...

Primary aldosteronism is the disease with resultant various metabolic disorders by increased aldosterone secretion primarily caused from the pathologic changes of the adrenal cortex. So all symptoms of this disease are resulted from the oversecretion of aldosterone directly or indirectly, and also hypertension, one of the cardinal symptoms of this disease, can be thought purely being the result...

After the discovery of aldosterone (1953), many synthetic steroids were tested for their ability to block the sodium retaining and potassium excreting effect of synthetic mineralocorticoids in adrenalectomized rats. In the same years Kagawa discovered that 17-spirolactone steroids were effective to block mineralocorticoid effects, but when used alone they did not produce any effect in adrenalec...

The three-dimensional structures of two HPII variants, V169C and H392Q, have been determined at resolutions of 1.8 and 2.1 A, respectively. The V169C variant contains a new type of covalent bond between the sulfur atom of Cys(169) and a carbon atom on the imidazole ring of the essential His(128). This variant enzyme has only residual catalytic activity and contains heme b. The chain of water mo...