spine surgery began its evolution in the beginning of the 19th century in order to reach nowadays the point of being considered an important subspecialty of neurosurgery and orthopaedics. the purpose of this historical review is the search and evaluation of the progress in spine surgery until the middle of the 20th century. this review concerns the inauguration and evolution of this field in gr...

background: osteoporosis is a chronic disease that contributes substantially to decrease physical activity and decline in the quality of life. osteoporosis can be diagnosed easily with the use of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) equipment. the aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude of bone loss on proximal femur and lumbar spine ls in pre- and post-menopausal women from isfaha...

osteoporosis diagnosis is usually based on examination of the hip bone and vertebrae density; however, the radius bone has gained attention recently in terms of feasibility and accessibility as it is done by portable devices with proper precision. this study aims to compare hip and spine density with radius, knowing whether radius may be an appropriate alternative for osteoporosis diagnosis. 12...

background: the genus pallisentis is an endoparasitic acanthocephalan inhabit­ing the intestinal walls. hooks and spines of the worm are significant taxonomical and adaptive tools. methods: the parasites were fixed, dehydrated and examined under olym­pus bx 53 microscope with dic attachment, digital camera and cellsens imag­ing system [light microscopy (lm)] and fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1...

Background: Dose assessment using proper dosimeters is especially important in radiation protection optimization and imaging justification in diagnostic radiology.Objective: The aim of this study is to obtain the Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) of patients undergoing lumbar spine imaging using two thermoluminescence dosimeters TLD-100 (LiF: Mg, Ti) and GR-200 (LiF: Mg, Cu, P) and also to obtain the ab...

objectives major differences exist in the anatomy and biomechanics of the growing spine that causes failure patterns different from those in adults. spinal injury in the pediatric patient is a main concern because timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent further neurologic damage and deformity and potentiate recovery. we conducted a retrospective clinical study of 137 cases (93 bo...

background: the accuracy of pedicle screw placement is essential for lumbar and thoracolumbar spine fracture fixation. purpose: the aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of the pedicle screw placement with conventional c-arm fuoroscopy-guided in these patients. methods: a retrospective review identified patients who underwent operative management with thoracolumbar instruments at ...

nowadays there are a few postgraduate orthopedic surgeons who wish to enter a spinal fellowship program. the purpose of this study is to determine the current trainees’ perceptions of competency in the spine fellowship education in mashhad university of medical sciences and evaluating their suggestion to overcome the problem. in this cross sectional study, a self-made questionnaire was develope...

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the main causes of severe disability and mortality following trauma. Complications and outcomes of patients with spine trauma, especially those who undergo surgery, are a less divulged topic in Iran. Therefore, we designed the present study to evaluate complications and outcomes of patients with traumatic spine in Poursina hospital of Rasht. Mater...

Introduction: Paediatric patients deserve special attention because of the higher radiation risks compared with adults. The main purpose of this study is to determine patient dose and diagnostic reference level for Paediatric through Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) calculations in common X-ray examination and to establish Paediatric national DRLs in digital radiography in Iran. <...