Melatonin has been suggested as a new natural pain killer in inflammatory pain and during surgical procedures. We designed this randomized double-blind controlled study to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and also optimal preemptive dose of melatonin in patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.One hundred twenty patients scheduled for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia ...

Background : Carcinoids are neuroendocrine tumors that typically occur in the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. Carcinoid middle ear rare. Herein, we report a case of carcinoid developed spinal metastasis required decompression surgery more than 20 years after initial surgery.

BACKGROUND Pregabalin is a well-accepted treatment option for patients with neuropathic pain. However, the therapeutic efficacy of pregabalin for reducing the incidence of spinal surgery to treat leg symptoms in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the therapeutic efficacy of pregabalin for reducing the incidence of spinal surgery for le...

from general and regional anesthesia. the incidence of this complication is reported to be 40-70% among patients. pas occurrence depends on various factors such as age, gender and drugs used in anesthesia and surgery time. granisetron is a serotonin 5ht3 receptor antagonist. beneficial effects of such drugs have been shown in a limited number of studies. in this study, preventive effects of gra...

background: although a variety of methods have been suggested to reduce stress, anxiety and pain intensity due to spinal needle skin puncture, their adverse effects restrict theirs widespread administration. in this study we evaluated the effects of oral tizanidine on the reduction of pain caused by spinal needle puncture and hemodynamic responses. methods : in this double blind randomized clin...

the aim of this study was to assess the effect of spinal block with low dose of bupivacaine and sufentanil on patients with low cardiac output who underwent lower limb surgery. fifteen patients who had ejection fraction less than 40% (group 1) were compared with 65 cases with ejection fraction more than 40% (group 2) in our study. our subjects underwent spinal block with 7.5 mg hyperbaric bupiv...