The standard quadratic price adjustment cost function makes no allowance for firm size or for scale economies. Incorporating quadratic price adjustment costs into the profit function, a firm’s speed of price adjustment is both shown to be a positive/negative function of its size when firms have scale economies/diseconomies with regard to these costs and to be a negative function of market power...

this research analyze the resource and structure of cross-autocorrelation in returns and volatility of stocks that listed in the tehran stock exchange during the period farvardin 1382–eisfand 1386, with employing the garch model. at the first, the results show that, in down(bear) market, return on high trading volume portfolio lead return on low trading volume portfolio, when controlled for fir...

Wind observations collected at citizen weather stations (CWSs) could be an invaluable resource in climate and meteorology studies, yet these are underutilised because scientists do not have confidence their quality. These wind speed systematic biases, likely caused by improper instrumentation station sitings. Such biases introduce spatial inconsistencies that prevent comparison of spatially lim...

T his paper analyses the relation between GNP sectors of Iran’s economy. The different sectors of the economy directly or indirectly affect each other and can complement or follow each other. Using a number of empirical tests, the paper finds evidence of seasonal or periodic integration in the underlying data. This means that the conventional cointegration tests may not be robust and in re...