in this paper, the performance evaluation of a two-way hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (pv/t) solar collector was analytically and experimentally carried out. mathematical expressions for operating parameters in glass to glass and glass to tedlar pv/t solar collectors were developed and experimentally validated by a glass to tedlar pv/t solar collector system. also the influence of air flow rate on...

Various antireflection thin films are often used to cover glass to increase solar cell electrical parameters. In the recent years many efforts have been done to develop and improve of solar cell films with high electrical output. One of the most important challenges of obtaining of high-efficiency thin films of solar cells is creation an effective light trapping system. The new polymeric protec...

to increase agricultural crops’ quality and to minimize losses in the final product and used energy during the drying process, major drying system parameters should be continuously controlled. precise control of such parameters is attained by using automatic control systems. to optimize the overall dryer efficiency in a forced convective solar dryer, a controller was designed, constructed a...

Solar energy is an environmentally sustainable energy source as it is clean and inexhaustible. Solar systems are very common and cost-effective, thus, can be used for many home applications. In this paper, a new method is presented to optimize solar systems economically, regarding to energy cost fluctuations. In spite of conventional analyses, in which the inflation is considered constant, ...

Planetary Science is the branch of knowledge benefiting most as a result of the space age. In less than half a century, the field has been revolutionized by the influx of new images, observations, and other forms of data. Most planets and their larger satellites have been transformed from telescopic objects to individual worlds. Each has revealed a distinctive geological pedigree. New twists on...

Packed bed units generally, represent the most suitable storage units for air heating solar systems. In these systems the storage unit receives the heat from the collector during the collection period and discharges the heat to the building at the retrieval process. A method for sizing of packedbed storage in an air heating system is represented. The design is based on the K-S curves, which hav...

We study an impact of the cosmological environment on the solar gravitational system by the imbedding formalism of Gautreau. It turns out that the cosmic mean-mass density and the cosmological constant give negligibly small contribution to the gravity potentials. On the other hand, the cosmic acceleration beyond the Robertson-Walker geometry can considerably influence the curvature of spacetime...