The stability of structures microfabricated in soft elastomeric polymers is an important concern in most applications that use these structures. Although relevant for several applications, the collapse to the ground of high aspect ratio structures (ground collapse) is still poorly understood. The stability of soft microfabricated high aspect ratio structures versus ground collapse was experimen...

the main objective of this study is to swing krull intersection theorem in primary decomposition of rings and modules to the primary decomposition of soft rings and soft modules. to fulfill this aim several notions like soft prime ideals, soft maximal ideals, soft primary ideals, and soft radical ideals are introduced for a soft ring over a given unitary commutative ring. consequently, the p...

The muscles and tendons of the lower extremity are generally considered the dominant producers of positive and negative work during gait. However, soft-tissue deformations not captured by joint rotations might also dissipate, store and even return substantial energy to the body. A key locomotion event is the collision of the leg with the ground, which deforms soft tissues appreciably in running...

Muscle activity has previously been suggested to minimize soft-tissue resonance which occurs at heel-strike during walking and running. If this concept were true then the greatest vibration damping would occur when the input force was closest to the resonant frequency of the soft-tissues at heel-strike. However, this idea has not been tested. The purpose of this study was to test whether muscle...

It is argued that the Scharnhorst effect cannot in principle give rise to measured signal velocities larger than that of light in vacuum. Scharnhorst [1] and subsequently Barton [2] (see also [3]) have shown that the refractive index of the vacuum between parallel plates can be less than unity for all frequencies ω < mc/h̄, where m is the electron mass [4]. This arises from the decreased polariz...

This work introduces novel duality relations that allow one to identify classical ground states of soft many-particle interactions using the ground states of the dual (Fourier-transformed) potentials. For potentials with the same functional form under Fourier transform, one can analytically relate the low-and high-density ground state energies and confi gurations. Bounded interactions are parti...