The Food and Drug Administration is responsible for regulating the use of polyphosphates in seafood. Sodium tripolyphosphate is the most commonly used polyphosphate in the processed shrimp industry; and current regulations limit its use in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice. The potential exists for economic fraud through mislabeling or excessive use of tripolyphosphate. At this point;...

Glycogen-bound polyphosphate kinase has been isolated from a crude extract of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius by isopycnic centrifugation in CsCl. Divalent cations (Mn2+ greater than Mg2+) stimulated the reaction. The enzyme does not require the presence of histones for its activity; it is inhibited strongly by phosphate and slightly by fluoride. The protein from the glycogen complex migrated in a so...

Heat-treated Escherichia coli producing Thermus polyphosphate kinase regenerated ATP by using exogenous polyphosphate. This recombinant could be used as a platform to produce valuable compounds in combination with thermostable phosphorylating or energy-requiring enzymes. In this work, we demonstrated the production of fructose 1,6-diphosphate from fructose and polyphosphate.

The polyphosphate glucokinases can phosphorylate glucose to glucose 6-phosphate using polyphosphate as the substrate. ORF all1371 encodes a putative polyphosphate glucokinase in the filamentous heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Here, ORF all1371 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and its purified product was characterized. Enzyme activity assays revealed th...

Alkaline polyphosphate has been demonstrated to be able to reduce significant wear and friction of sliding interfaces under heavy loads (>1 GPa) and elevated temperature (800 °C and above) conditions, e.g. hot metal manufacturing. The chemical composition and fine structure of polyphosphate lubricating film is not well understood as well as the role of alkaline elements within the reaction film...

After inoculation of a stationary-phase culture of Nitrosomonas europaea into fresh growth solution, the cell-associated orthophosphate increased rapidly to 800 mumoles/g (wet weight), whereas the acid-insoluble long-chain polyphosphate content decreased rapidly to 22 mumoles/g. As growth proceeded, the orthophosphate content decreased rapidly to a level of 15 mumoles/g and the long-chain polyp...

There are a several molecules on Earth that effectively store energy within their covalent bonds, and one of these energy-rich molecules is polyphosphate. In microbial cells, polyphosphate granules are synthesised for both energy and phosphate storage and are degraded to produce nucleotide triphosphate or phosphate. Energy released from these energetic carriers is used by the cell for productio...

Inorganic polyphosphate is known to be present in the mammalian brain at micromolar concentrations. Here we show that polyphosphate may act as a gliotransmitter, mediating communication between astrocytes. It is released by astrocytes in a calcium-dependent manner and signals to neighbouring astrocytes through P2Y(1) purinergic receptors, activation of phospholipase C and release of calcium fro...

In previous studies, Sall et al. (1956) employing resting cells of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Mludd et al. (1956, 1958) employing resting cells of Mycobacteria, demonstrated that malate as substrate enhances the accumulation of polyphosphate (metaphosphate) in the form of metachromatic granules and glucose promotes the withdcrawal of polyphosphate. Similarly, AIudd et al. (1958), employin...

The state of the electrochemical behaviour Al electrode in aqueous solutions containing Na2MoO4 + H3PO4 chitosan was investigated by methods currentless chronopotentiometry, chronoamperometry, optical and scanning electron microscopy. modification surface polymolybdate phosphate layers carried out a potentiostatic mode potentials range from ?1 to ?3 V polarization time (from 15 90 min). element...