This paper describes the selective reductions with thioborane derivatives, zinc—modified cyanoborohydride, and the ate complex from diisobutylaluminum hydride and n-butyllithium. Reaction of carboxylic acids with 1,3,2-dithiaborinane in the presence of stannous chloride or boron trifluoride etherate in tetrahydrofuran gives 1,3-dithianes in high yields. The reaction of acids with thexylphenylth...

As a result of our search for new isoniazid derivatives with extended spectra of activity, we evaluated the in vitro antimycobacterial activities of isonicotinohydrazides (compounds 2) and their cyanoborane adducts (compounds 3), both obtained by the reaction of isonicotinoylhydrazones (compounds 1) with sodium cyanoborohydride. Most of the tested compounds displayed moderate to high activity a...

Crotonaldehyde is a representative alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde endowed of mutagenic and carcinogenic properties related to its propensity to react with DNA. Cyclic crotonaldehyde-derived deoxyguanosine (CrA-PdG) adducts can undergo ring opening in duplex DNA to yield a highly reactive aldehydic moiety. Here, we demonstrate that site-specifically modified DNA oligonucleotides containing a si...

The Escherichia coli panD gene, encoding l-aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase, was cloned by PCR, and shown to complement a panD mutant defective in beta-alanine biosynthesis. Aspartate decarboxylase is a pyruvoyl-dependent enzyme, and is synthesized initially as an inactive proenzyme (the pi-protein), which is proteolytically cleaved at a specific X-Ser bond to produce a beta-subunit with XOH at it...

Improved methods for attaching radioiodine to monoclonal antibodies have been developed. Ten aryl carbohydrate adducts were synthesized by the reductive amination of a carbohydrate with an aryl amine, using sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent. After purification by chromatography and characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance they were iodinated using the chloramine-T method. Iodina...

Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) catalyzes the conversion of methylamine to formaldehyde. This enzyme is located on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and in the cytosol of vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and adipocytes. Increased SSAO activity has been found in patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic heart failure, and multiple types of cerebral infarcts and ...

DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) are formed upon exposure to a variety of chemical and physical agents and pose a threat to genomic integrity. In particular, acrolein and related aldehydes produce DPCs, although the chemical linkages for such cross-links have not been identified. Here, we report that oligodeoxynucleotides containing 1,N-deoxyguanosine adducts of acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and tran...

Selectins are a family of lectins, that mediate tethering and rolling of leukocytes on endothelium in vascular shear flow. Mild periodate oxidation of the L-selectin ligand CD34, or L-selectin ligands on leukocytes, enhanced resistance to detachment in shear and decreased rolling velocity equivalent to an 8-fold increase in ligand density, yet had little effect on the rate of tethering. Enhance...