With the rapid advancement of urbanization process, bridge networks in cities are becoming increasingly optimized, playing an important role ensuring normal operation cities. However, with gradual deterioration bridges and further attenuation their capacity, many prone to damage or even collapse under extreme loads. After a natural disaster human-derived accident occurs city, network city will ...

the concept of individualism in the field of sociology was introduced by the empirical scheme of one's position in society. the growing importance of the attention to this pattern affected by social changes has been rapid and rough. cultural and social processes of modernization and modern age always create new conditions and stimulus leading to changes and verities in methods of individualizat...

as european and american countries became industrialized, general sociology was gradually replaced with industrial sociology because the main issues were issues related to the industrial society. in the latter half of the 19th century and the early 20th century there was no clear idea about industrial sociology and its duties. after the second world war, a more exact definition of the field eme...

it's obvious that there is a serious and powerful bond between different branches of humanities and social sciences. sociology of law is a good example in which law and sociology make an organized ensemble. sociology of law has emerged as an independent science which is, or should be, based on empiric rationality. the discipline is neither based on metaphysics (contrary to the philosophy of law...

Disaster management is capturing increasing attention from researchers across many disciplines (geography, sociology, operations research, and a range of other social, environmental, and information sciences). In geographic information science, important research efforts are targeting better collection and analysis of geospatial data on disasters, representation of risks and vulnerability, inte...

the specific vulnerability of children and by extension, the need to promote disaster awareness among children as an integral part of disaster risk-reduction strategies is an emergent theme in the disaster management fraternity. the challenge however, is in the design of awarenesspromotion tools that are relevant to and appropriate for the specific learning needs of children. the disaster aware...

iran's health system is expanding the disaster and emergency higher education programs over the country to enhance the capacity of human resources for effective and efficient disaster mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. in this article we present an overview about the initiatives and progress of disaster and emergency health higher education in iran. following the bam earthquake, i...