Are international relations scholars objective observers of political events, or do our political preferences influence the way in which we see the world? This article explores that question using data from a survey of international relations scholars. It develops and tests hypotheses about how we might expect adherents of particular paradigms to identify themselves politically on a left-right ...

The introduction explains the sense in which the concept of a paradigm, whose originator, T.S. Kuhn, was inspired by the history of the national sciences, is applied to the context of the social sciences. Here the new paradigm does not necessarily replace the old; several paradigms may function effectively side by side. The milestones in the development of the system paradigm have been the work...

This paper provides a historical perspective of computing technology along with its evolutionary phases. It is a scientific endeavour to understand and further investigate the significant role played by human which leads to the development of innovative technologies. A comprehensive study of invention from personal to cooperative and then to social computing has been done and its impacts have b...

Technology is human behavior that transforms society and transforms the environment. Design is the cornerstone of technology. It is how we solve our problems, fulfill our needs, shape our world, change the future, and create new problems. From extraction to disposal in the life-cycle of a product, the design process is where we make the most important decisions; the decisions that determine mos...

Today’s claims management processes face challenges of inconsistent data, an ever-increasing number of channels and, perhaps most important, inflexible systems. By executing structured processes on an enterprise application and tapping supporting processes with the help of social software, claims management can be enhanced by reducing hidden costs, increasing operational efficiency and building...

We develop here a multi-agent model of the creation of knowledge (scientific progress or technological evolution) within a community of researchers devoted to such endeavors. In the proposed model, agents learn in a physical-technological landscape, and weight is attached to both individual search and social influence. We find that the combination of these two forces together with random experi...