Regime shifts from one ecological state to another are often portrayed as sudden, dramatic, and difficult to reverse. Yet many regime shifts unfold slowly and imperceptibly after a tipping point has been exceeded, especially at regional and global scales. These long, smooth transitions between equilibrium states are easy to miss, ignore, or deny, confounding management and governance. However, ...

The paper studies quasi interpolation by scaled shifts of a smooth and rapidly decaying function. The centers are images of a smooth mapping of the hZn lattice in Rs, s n, and the scaling parameters are proportional to h. We show that for a large class of generating functions the quasi interpolants provide high order approximations up to some prescribed accuracy. Although the approximants do no...

The aim of this paper is to extend the approximate quasi-interpolation on a uniform grid by dilated shifts of a smooth and rapidly decaying function on a uniform grid to scattered data quasi-interpolation. It is shown that high order approximation of smooth functions up to some prescribed accuracy is possible, if the basis functions, which are centered at the scattered nodes, are multiplied by ...

This research aimed at evaluating the types and frequency of category shifts in the Persian translations of English poems based on Catford’s model of shifts. To this end, three English romantic poems of A Histo- ry of English Literature, namely, Blake’s ‘The Chimney Sweeper’, Coleridge’s ‘Kubla Khan’, and Keats’ ‘To Autumn’ along with their Persian t...

A closed subspace V of L 2 := L 2 (IR d) is called PSI (principal shift-invariant) if it is the smallest space that contains all the shifts (i.e., integer translates) of some function 2 L 2. Ideally, each function f in such PSI V can be written uniquely as a convergent series f = X 2ZZ d c()(?) with kck`2 kfk L 2. In this case one says that the shifts of form a Riesz basis or that they are L 2-...

‎in the following text for arbitrary $x$ with at least two elements‎, ‎nonempty countable set $gamma$‎ ‎we make a comparative study on the collection of generalized shift dynamical systems like $(x^gamma,sigma_varphi)$ where $varphi:gammatogamma$ is an arbitrary self-map‎. ‎we pay attention to sub-systems and combinations of generalized shifts with counterexamples regarding devaney‎, ‎exact dev...

This paper discusses the use of fitness biasing to alter the control of a seven microprocessor robot as it shifts from one environment to another. The robot was initially using a gait evolved to work on a smooth surface (tile). When tested on a rough surface (carpet) the learned gait was found to be inappropriate because the legs were causing drag as they repositioned. An efficient move to repo...

Background During flow-mediated vasodilatation, nitric oxide activates guanylate cyclase and the resultant increase cGMP leads to an activation of PKGI. PKGI activates a number of targets in the smooth muscle cell that result in smooth muscle relaxation, including MLC phosphatase. MLC phosphatase isolated from smooth muscle is a holoenzyme consisting of three subunits; a 20 kDa subunit, a 38 kD...