CONTEXT Accumulating evidence suggests that the mere subjective feeling of memory impairment in the absence of objective cognitive deficits may precede mild cognitive impairment in the continuum of Alzheimer disease manifestation. Brain imaging studies have provided insights into structural and functional alterations at the clinical stages of dementia and mild cognitive impairment, but the func...

Even though we have several techniques, represented by the electron microscopy, to obtain images of single molecules, in this chapter, we use ‘single-molecule imaging’ (SMI) for a lim‐ ited means—that is, imaging of fluorescently labeled biological molecules at work for ana‐ lyzing their behaviors. To observe biological molecules at work, imaging in aqueous conditions is essential. Therefore, o...

It was performed electroneurographic (ENG) studies with surface electrodes and examined nervus medianus (NM) in  patients ( females), average age of , years (X±SD=,±), with clinical diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and at least one border or discrete abnormal value of conventional electrophysiological tests. It was also examined  healthy individuals ( females) as cont...

Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) provide the major subcortical source of cholinergic input to cerebral cortex and play an important role in regulating cortical activity. The present study examined the ability of BFCNs to influence neocortical neuronal growth by examining effects of the presence of BFCNs on certain cortical neurons grown under the controlled conditions of dissociated ...

The aim of this study was to compare the value of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with that of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS).Fifty patients with symptomatic CTS and 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The cross-sectional area (CSA), CDUS score, PDUS score, and SMI score of the median nerve (MN) at the carpal tun...

OBJECTIVE Slow heart rate recovery (HRR) predicts all-cause mortality. This study investigated the relationship between silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) and HRR in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study enrolled 87 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes and no chest symptoms. They underwent treadmill exercise testing and single-photon emission computed tomography imaging wi...

INTRODUCTION Previous research has identified modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in older adults. Research is limited on the potential link between these risk factors and subjective memory impairment (SMI), which may precede AD and other dementias. Examination of these potential relationships may help identify those at risk for AD at a stage when interventions may delay or pre...

UNLABELLED Blood pressure (BP) control rates are suboptimal. We evaluated the effectiveness of 2 behavioral interventions to improve BP control via a 3-arm, randomized controlled trial of 533 adults with repeated uncontrolled BP, despite antihypertensive drug treatment for ≥6 months. The interventions were a tailored stage-matched intervention (SMI) or a nontailored health education interventio...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate if silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) and silent coronary artery disease (CAD) provide significant additional value to routine cardiovascular risk assessment in type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We followed up to a first cardiovascular event 688 subjects (322 men, aged 59 ± 8 years) out of 731 consecutive asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients with ≥1 ad...

Microelectrode mapping methods were used to determine the organization of primary somatosensory cortex, SmI, in grey squirrels. A systematic representation of the contralateral body surface was found within somatic konicortex. This primary representation differs from maps of SmI in other mammals in at least two significant ways. The first way in which SmI of squirrels differs from the organizat...