BACKGROUND Serious hazards for human health and life and devices in close proximity to the magnetic resonance scanners (MRI scanners) include the effects of being hit by ferromagnetic objects attracted by static magnetic field (SMF) produced by scanner magnet - the so-called ballistic hazards classified among indirect electromagnetic hazards. International safety guidelines and technical litera...

Biological systems can respond to a wide range of static magnetic fields (SMF). Some of these responses seem to be mediated partly through free radical reactions. For example, in magnetic sense and navigation using the geomagnetic field, one of the most promising mechanisms for explaining magnetic compass is "a radical pair mechanism". Biological free radicals are most commonly oxygen or nitrog...

In order to examine the effectiveness of the application of static magnetic field (SMF) on pain relief, we performed a study on rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA). Sixty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (age: 6 weeks, body weight: approximately 160 g) were divided into three groups [SMF-treated AA rats (Group I), non-SMF-treated AA rats (Group II) and control rats (Group III)]. The SD rats were i...

The effect static magnetic field (SMF)-exposure may exert on edema development has been investigated. A 6 h long whole-body (WBSMF) or local (LSMF), continuous, inhomogeneous SMF-exposure was applied on anesthetized mice in an in vivo model of mustard oil (MO)-induced ear edema. LSMF was applied below the treated ear, below the lumbar spine, or below the mandible. Ear thickness (v) was checked ...

The scalar median filter (SMF) is often used to reduce noise in scalar geophysical data. We present an extension of the SMF to a vector median filter (VMF) for suppressing noise contained in geophysical data represented by multidimensional, multicomponent vector fields. Although the SMF can be applied to each component of a vector field individually, the VMF is applied to all components simulta...

Mutants of Penicillium janthinellum NCIM 1171 were evaluated for cellulase production using both submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid state fermentation (SSF). Mutant EU2D-21 gave highest yields of cellulases in both SmF and SSF. Hydrolysis of Avicel and cellulose were compared using SmF and SSF derived enzyme preparations obtained from EU2D-21. Surprisingly, the use of SSF derived preparatio...

Comparison of the production of pectin methylesterase (PME) by Aspergillus niger from apple pomace in solid-state (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) was made for higher PME production. pH value of 4.0, incubation temperature of 25 °C and incubation period of 96 h were found optimum in both SSF and SmF, while optimum dilution levels were 1:3 and 1:6, respectively. Ammonium sulphate in SSF an...

In this study, a gelatin microparticle-containing self-microemulsifying formulation (SMF) was developed using a spray-drying method to enhance the oral delivery of the poorly water-soluble therapeutic dutasteride. The effect of the amount of gelatin and the type and amount of hydrophilic additives, namely, Gelucire(®) 44/14, poloxamer 407, sodium lauryl sulfate, Soluplus(®), Solutol™ HS15, and ...

Using a supergeometric interpretation of field functionals, we show that for quite a large class of systems of nonlinear field equations with anticommuting fields, infinite-dimensional supermanifolds (smf) of classical solutions can be constructed. Such systems arise in classical field models used for realistic quantum field theoretic models. In particular, we show that under suitable condition...

In the following study, we investigate the effects of static magnetic field (SMF) (128 mT, 1 h/day during 5 or 15 consecutive days) on anthropometric parameters, glucose and lipid metabolism in rats. Exposure to SMF during 5 days induced a decrease (-8%, p < 0.05) in relative liver weight and serum insulin concentration (-56%, p < 0.001), while blood glucose level was increased (+10%, p < 0.001...