Within the United States, declines in the overt expression of racial prejudice over several decades have given way to near universal endorsement of the principles of racial equality as a core cultural value. Yet, evidence of persistent and substantial disparities between Blacks and Whites remain. Here, we review research that demonstrates how the actions of even well-intentioned and ostensibly ...

This paper is focused on the computational analysis of collective discourse, a collective behavior seen in nonexpert content contributions in online social media. We collect and analyze a wide range of real-world collective discourse datasets from movie user reviews to microblogs and news headlines to scientific citations. We show that all these datasets exhibit diversity of perspective, a prop...

Ultrafast laser-induced refractive index changes in a-SiO2 consist, depending on the irradiation conditions, of either positive variations, voids, or regular nanoscale patterns, each of these underlying specific structural transformations. These allow for obtaining a large palette of optical functions ranging from low loss guiding to anisotropic scattering. While briefly reviewing the excitatio...

In the wake of the Cold War era, America’s research universities became increasingly characterized by a tribal mentality among schools and departments, and among the various disciplines. The surge in research funding, and the tremendous growth rate among the major public universities in particular, fostered the idea of a “multiversity” that was becoming less communal, and less aware of its coll...

Travis Hirschi's control or social bonding theory argues that those persons who have strong and abiding attachments to conventional society (in the form of attaciuIlcnts, involvement, investment, and belief) are less likely to deviate than persons who have weak or shallow bonds. Later, Gottfredson and Hirschi moved away from the social bond as the primary factor in deviance, and toward an empha...

In a previous study we ascertained the presence of 1 and 2 recognition sites in the rabbit iris-ciliary body, an ocular structure involved in aqueous humor production and drainage. We characterized the 1 sites using the preferential ligand ( )pentazocine, which caused a significant reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP). In the present study, flunarizine, a calcium channel blocker with a compl...

Researchers in psychology are paying increasing attention to temporal correlations in performance on cognitive tasks. Recently, T. Thornton and D. L. Gilden (2005) introduced a spectral method for analysing psychological time series; in particular, this method is tailored to distinguish transient serial correlations from the persistent correlations characterised by 1/f noise. Thornton and Gilde...

The term ‘lifelong’, as applied to education or learning, has been in circulation for more than a quarter of a century. It has played an important role in policy discussions, as well as in studies of the sociology and economics of education. The relationship of this term to the rapidly changing world of information and educational technologies, and to the various conceptions of interaction that...

Scholars in many fields have often noted that size and diversification raise the performance of firms in the most significant sectors of our economy. Using longitudinal network data on the personal computer industry, this paper identifies the main effects and complex interplay of two attributes of a firm’s role in a system of competitive relations: (a) its size relative to that of its structura...

This article focuses on the construct of self-compassion and how it differs from self-esteem. First, it discusses the fact that while self-esteem is related to psychological well-being, the pursuit of high self-esteem can be problematic. Next it presents another way to feel good about oneself: selfcompassion. Self-compassion entails treating oneself with kindness, recognizing one’s shared human...