accurate estimation of crop evapotranspiration (etc) plays an important role in improving the water useefficiency (wue) and water management. due to the presence of different types of coatings plant in large areas, the accurate calculation of the water requirements by conventional methods is elusive or impossible. remote sensing methods are becoming attractive to estimate crop evapotranspiratio...

Today, the use of anycast address is quite limited. One of the reasons is that there is no routing protocol providing a global anycasting service. In this paper we design and implement a new anycast routing protocol called PIA-SM (Protocol Independent Anycast – Sparse Mode). We focus on PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast – Sparse Mode), which is one of multicast routing protocols available ...

Understanding and mitigating against the impact of land use change and groundwater extraction on groundwater dependant ecosystems (GDE) requires information on the distribution and environmental water needs of these ecosystems. Conventional field based techniques for determining plant water use and plant stress are very labour intensive and time consuming. In this study, we proposed an alternat...

study of terrain including vegetation, water resources, land types including soil texture and classification are cases that require data with high precision. accurate and high quality data can lead us to a better, more accurate results.in this context, remote sensing data is a great tool for the detection and identification of patterns. sebal (surface energy balance algorithm) is a relatively n...

Remote sensing can provide important and updated information for agricultural water accounting (AWA). In this study, data from the open-access portal (WaPOR) of Food Agricultural Organization was used in AWA to assess levels consumption possible solutions deficiency North Jordan Valley (NJV). Consolidated procedures have been applied complement validate WaPOR products. These included use climat...

The rapid decline of groundwater resources in South Asia due to excessive irrigation during dry season requires awareness optimal on-field water requirements. Such information is currently provided on farmer cellphones through an operational Irrigation Advisory System (IAS). To minimize the cost sending such advisory texts farmers while maximizing impact IAS sustainability, we integrated Gravit...