This work examines the slip boundary condition by Lattice Boltzmann simulations, addresses the validity of the Navier’s hypothesis that the slip velocity is proportional to the shear rate and compares the Lattice Boltzmann simulations to the experimental results of Tretheway and Meinhart (Phys. of Fluids, 14, L9-L12). The numerical simulation models the boundary condition as the probability, P,...

Fault slip during plate boundary earthquakes releases a portion of the shear stress accumulated due to frictional resistance to relative plate motions. Investigation of 101 large [moment magnitude (Mw) ≥ 7] subduction zone plate boundary mainshocks with consistently determined coseismic slip distributions establishes that 15 to 55% of all master event-relocated aftershocks with Mw ≥ 5.2 are loc...

A quantitative assay for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was developed and standardized. The assay is based on direct immunofluorescent staining of infected L-929 cell monolayers and enumeration of cells containing fluorescent viral antigens. Maximal adsorption of virus to cells occurred within 1 h. Observations on the sequential development of viral antigens within cells showed that specifi...

Fault slip distributions provide important insight into the earthquake process. We analyze high-resolution along-strike co-seismic slip profiles of the 1992 Mw = 7.3 Landers and 1999 Mw = 7.1 Hector Mine earthquakes, finding a spatial correlation between fluctuations of the slip distribution and geometrical fault structure. Using a spectral analysis, we demonstrate that the observed variation o...

While propagation of dislocations in body centered cubic metals at low temperature is understood in terms of elementary steps on {110} planes, slip traces correspond often with other crystallographic or non-crystallographic planes. In the past, characterization of slip was limited to post-mortem electron microscopy and slip trace analysis on the sample surface. Here with in-situ Laue diffractio...

A single contact point model was implemented in the open-source dynamics engine Chrono to provide a more accurate calculation of input slip quantities to the Magic Formula equations for non steady-state, or transient, slip cases. The model is formulated using a consistent ISO z-up x-forward coordinate frame, where the slip angle was shown to be invariant with the choice of coordinate system, bu...

"Walking-Mode Maps", based on Slip/Non-Slip criteria, are proposed. Slip/Non-Slip criteria are expressed as follows: for a slip to occur: |F(h)/F(n)|(h) > or = mu(s) or |F(h)/F(n)|(t) > or = mu(s); for no slip to occur: |F(h)/F(n)|(h) < mu(s) or |F(h)/F(n)|(t) < mu(s). |F(h)/F(n)|(h) and |F(h)/F(n)|(t) are the maximum peak value of the traction coefficient at heel-strike and toe-off respectivel...

We demonstrate a rupture front focusing phenomenon at the initial stage of earthquake, which causes high slip rate pulses and therefore generates high frequency seismic waves. In this computation, we assume a pre-slip region, where stress has already lowered quasi-statically to the dynamic friction level. And due to the pre-slip, we suppose a stress concentration at the edge of pre-slip area. T...

Experiments were performed in a sliding plate rheometer with a high density polyethylene to determine the conditions for the onset of slip and the relationship between slip velocity and shear stress. It was found that melt slip occurs at a critical shear stress of approximately 0.09 MPa in both steady and transient shear tests. The effect of the presence of a layer of fluorocarbon at the interf...

Geophysical observations have shown that transient slow slip events, with average slip speeds v on the order of 10−8 to 10−7 m/s, occur in some subduction zones. These slip events occur on the same faults but at greater depth than large earthquakes (with slip speeds of order ∼ 1 m/s). We explore the hypothesis that whether slip is slow or fast depends on the competition between dilatancy, which...