Small patches of fingerpad glabrous skin in human subjects were tested in vivo for their biomechanical properties under tangential loading and for large deformations. These conditions included stretching and shearing the skin at a length scale of 0.3mm using an apparatus comprising a pair of piezoelectric benders arranged to increase the stiffness/free deflection tradeoff when compared to ordin...

Orthotic treatment of infantile scoliosis represents a challenge: 1. Most of them are progressive 2. Different etiologies 3. Associated diseases 4. Smaller size anatomy 5. Immature rib cage Types: 1. Braces • Do not provide immediate correction • Treatment aimed to “hold” the spine and prevent further progression • Risk of chest deformity in case of braces constricting the thorax • Literature d...

BACKGROUND Fractures of the femur in neonates are relatively uncommon. The infants feel pain and discomfort, causing parental distress, and the hospital stay is longer. Treatment of this specific fracture is problematic because of the small size of the baby. OBJECTIVES To review the results of the treatment of neonatal femoral fractures. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all neonatal frac...

We develop here a microfabrication compatible force measurement technique termed as ultrasoft polydimethylsiloxane-based traction force microscopy (UPTFM). This technique is devised for mapping the cellular traction forces imparted on the adhering substrate, so as to depict the physiological state of the cells surviving in the micro-confinement. We subsequently integrate the technique with a mi...

a Thomas splint. As the Thomas splint acts as an exoskeleton the traction from the leg must, therefore, be fastened to the splint. The right degree of tension imust be used to prevent overlapping of the ends and shortening of the limb, yet not produce distraction with the risk of either slow or non-union. The conventional method of tying the tapes T0P from the skin tractioni to the end of the s...

Femoral fracture is a relatively common cause of trauma admission to the paediatric surgical services in Edinburgh. Our current policy is to use gallows traction for babies and infants under 2 years and external Liston splintage with straight leg balanced skin traction for older children followed by either early mobilization or the application of a hip spica or cast brace. We reviewed the use o...

background: traction has been suggested to be an effective treatment for symptoms of neck disorder in patients with no contraindications. however, according to previous researches, the effectiveness of traction is controversial, particularly compared to other conservative treatments. this trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of sustained traction, using an over-the-door home cervical trac...

Supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children may be associated with nerve and vessel injury (Thomas and Alpar 1987). Sometimes attempts at manipulative reduction are unsuccessful. Recent papers have discussed treatment of displaced fractures by traction (Worlock and Colton 1984; Piggot, Graham and McCoy 1986). We report four cases in whom the neurovascular bundle and the biceps tendon came...