The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of a few different penetration enhancers to produce elastic vesicles with soy lecithin and the influence of the obtained vesicles on in vitro (trans)dermal delivery of minoxidil. To this purpose, so-called Penetration Enhancer-containing Vesicles (PEVs) were prepared as dehydrated-rehydrated vesicles by using soy lecithin and different amounts of...

This study aimed to determine the mechanism by which ultradeformable liposomes (ULs) with terpenes enhance skin penetration for transdermal drug delivery of fluorescein sodium, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Skin treated with ULs containing d-limonene, obtained from in vitro skin penetration studies, was examined via TEM to investigat...

Skin drug delivery can be subdivided into topical and transdermal administration. Transdermal administration can take advantage of chemical and physical strategies that can improve skin permeability and allow drug penetration. In this study, the development of a skin penetration profile was carried out by an in vitro technique for a microencapsulated system of ibuprofen. Release experiments wer...

OBJECTIVE To compare the histologic appearance of canine skin biopsies collected by use of a scalpel, skin biopsy punch, monopolar electrosurgery, CO2 laser, and radio wave radiosurgery in fully rectified wave form (RWRS). STUDY DESIGN Experimental, randomized design. ANIMALS Healthy adult grayhounds (n=4). METHODS Skin biopsies were collected using 5 techniques. Cut margins of biopsy spe...

In this study, the dermal penetration rate of carbofuran, carbosulfan, and furathiocarb has been measured with rat abdominal skin using the static diffusion cell. The technical grades of three compounds were applied at different doses on skin surface mounted in static diffusion cell and incubated at 32 C for 48 h with shaking. The same procedures were carried out with furathiocarb EC (emulsifia...

Appropriate methodologies for the determination of drug penetration in diseased skin have not yet been established. The aim of this study was to determine the cutaneous penetration of a metronidazole cream formulation in atopic dermatitis, employing dermal microdialysis and tape strip sampling techniques. Non-invasive measuring methods were used for the quantification of the severity of the der...

Skin constitutes an excellent barrier for the transdermal delivery of hydrophilic or high molecular weight drugs. Low efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials for some topical drugs is mainly due to low skin penetration ability related to the efficient barrier properties of stratum corneum (SC). Transdermal delivery of molecules in the skin is limited by the full epidermis, not just stratum cor...

Skin constitutes an excellent barrier for the transdermal delivery of hydrophilic or high molecular weight drugs. Low efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials for some topical drugs is mainly due to low skin penetration ability related to the efficient barrier properties of stratum corneum (SC). Transdermal delivery of molecules in the skin is limited by the full epidermis, not just stratum cor...

In the present study a new alcohol derivative of tetrahydrogeraniol (THG), an acyclic monoterpene, has been prepared by using Grignard reagent and methyl cyclopropyl ketone. Penetration enhancing effects of THG and the synthesized derivative 5,9-dimethyl-2-cyclopropyl-2-decanol (DICNOL) on the transdermal penetration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and tramadol hydrochloride (tramadol HCl) across the ...