objectives: the main purpose of this experimental research was to create an animal model of ptsd based on the main features of the disorder: trauma exposure, situational reminders (sr), behavioral anxiety and remedy in response to anxiolytic medications. method: 6 inbred female sprague-dawley rats were obtained and evaluated in the elevated plus-maze test in 3 stages: 1- baseline 2- underwater ...

BACKGROUND Self-handicapping is an attribution-related process whereby individuals create performance impediments/excuses to protect self-worth in socially evaluative environments. Thus, the prevailing motivational climate would appear to be an important factor when attempting to understand the situational self-handicapping process within school physical education. AIMS Drawing from achieveme...

BACKGROUND Impaired facial affect recognition is the most consistent social cognitive finding in schizophrenia. Although social situations provide powerful constraints on our perception, little is known about how situational context modulates facial affect recognition in schizophrenia. METHODS Study 1 was a single-site study with 34 schizophrenia patients and 22 healthy controls. Study 2 was ...

Dohn NB, Madsen PT, Malte H. The situational interest of undergraduate students in zoophysiology. Adv Physiol Educ 33: 196–201, 2009; doi:10.1152/advan.00038.2009.—Situational interest has been identified as an important motivational variable that has an impact on students’ academic performances, yet little is known about how the specific variable of the learning environment might trigger stude...

Cross-situational learning is a mechanism for learning the meaning of words across multiple exposures, despite exposure-by-exposure uncertainty as to a word's true meaning. Doubts have been expressed regarding the plausibility of cross-situational learning as a mechanism for learning human-scale lexicons in reasonable timescales under the levels of referential uncertainty likely to confront rea...

This chapter attempts to provide a first step toward systematically examining the part that civil remedies can play in situational crime prevention. First, it reviews the main features of the concept and uses the script-analytic model to describe the mechanisms by which this approach seeks to prevent crime. The model is expanded to incorporate concepts useful for examining how situational contr...

As the paradigm of operators supervising multiple unmanned vehicles becomes increasingly realizable, the impact on operator situational awareness of such a paradigm shift becomes very important. Quantifying the effects of alternate team configurations and system designs in terms of their impact on situational awareness is currently expensive, requiring time-consuming user studies. This paper pr...

Though there are many challenges to Ekman’s thesis that basic emotions with universal corresponding facial expressions, our main criticism revolves around the extent which grounding situations alter how people read faces. To end, we recruit testifying experimental studies show identical faces expressing varying when contextualized differently. Rather than dismissing these as illusions, start po...

The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 57 empirical studies (59 samples) concerning enacted workplace aggression to answer 3 research questions. First, what are the individual and situational predictors of interpersonal and organizational aggression? Second, within interpersonal aggression, are there different predictors of supervisor- and coworker-targeted aggression? Third, what are the rel...