Aims. We attempted to establish some guidelines for the selection of transmural stents during endoscopic drainage of PFCs by retrospective review of the clinical data obtained from three tertiary hospitals. Patients and Methods. Clinical data of 93 patients with attempted endoscopic drainage of symptomatic PFCs were obtained through chart review and prospective follow-up. Results. Treatment suc...

A case of anaerobic streptococcus brain abscess was reported in which the cerebral lesion appeared on CT as a ring-enhanced mass, and gas bubbles were seen following corticosteroid administration without antibiotics. Surgery revealed no encapsulation. Surgical drainage of the cavity and treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroid were ineffective. Excision of the abscess and treatment with ch...

Chiral pyrrolidines and pyrrolizidines with spirooxindole ring systems are the central skeletons for numerous alkaloids and pharmacologically important compounds. Gelesmine, pseudotabersonine, formosanine, isoformosanine, morroniside and mitraphylline are some of the alkaloids containing spirooxindole ring systems. Derivatives of spirooxindole find very wide biological applications as anti micr...

An efficient one-pot three-component procedure for the synthesis of new chiral spiro oxindolopyrrolidines/pyrrolizidines with highly regio- and diastereo-enantio, selective from 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and chiral menthol-drived trans-cinnamic are described. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed on basis of the assignment of the absolute configuration of one of the cy...

Chiral pyrrolidines and pyrrolizidines with spirooxindole ring systems are the central skeletons for numerous alkaloids and pharmacologically important compounds. Gelesmine, pseudotabersonine, formosanine, isoformosanine, morroniside and mitraphylline are some of the alkaloids containing spirooxindole ring systems. Derivatives of spirooxindole find very wide biological applications as anti micr...

in this note we introduce the notion of weak mccoy rings as a generalization of mccoy rings, and investigate their properties. also we show that, if is a semi-commutative ring, then is weak mccoy if and only if is weak mccoy.