Intraoperative mapping of the specialized atrioventricular conduction system was performed in 47 patients during cardiac surgery. Specialized conduction tissue electrograms were identified in 37, and atrioventricular conduction preserved in 92%. Specialized conduction tissue was identified in 27 patients with atrioventricular canal defect: complete heart block was avoided in 25. Conduction tiss...

During circumferential pulmonary vein isolation, radiofrequency lesions are created in the transition zone between the left atrium and the pulmonary veins, outside the ostia, to avoid stenosis. Three-dimensional impedance maps were constructed for 25 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. In the first 15 patients, impedance was measured inside the pulmonary veins (165.4 +/- 7.5 Omega), t...

BACKGROUND Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ocular emergency and most of the cases present with painless sudden persistent loss of vision in the range of counting fingers to perception of light. The presentation of CRAO is associated with a variety of medical conditions. We report a rare case of CRAO associated with persistent truncus arteriosus (PTA) and single atrium in a female ...

Offices and retail spaces are among the most energy-intensive building typologies. Designing office buildings without proper consideration of their form, orientation, envelope, and other variables can lead to a considerable increase in energy usage. This research investigates how integrated usage of an atrium and courtyard can improve a building’s energy performance. Thermal performance of both...

We herein describe a 34-year-old woman with a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) impinging on the posterior wall of the left atrium, subdivided by a membrane at the distal part of the impingement. In this patient, a much dilated coronary sinus due to the PLSVC resulted in a membrane-like structure in the posterior wall of the left atrium with the appearance of the cor triatriatum in tra...

Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to model buoyancy-driven airflows has always proved challenging. This work investigates CFD modelling of buoyancy-driven natural ventilation flows in a single-storey space connected to an atrium. The atrium is taller than the ventilated space and when warmed by internal heat gains producing a column of warm air in the atrium and connect space ...

A 49-year old woman with a history of hysterectomy 4 years previously was found to have intravenous leiomyomatosis. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed that the tumour had reached the right atrium from the right iliac vein through the inferior vena cava. (Fig. 1) The tumour was successfully removed by a single-stage operation (Fig. 2). Figure 1: Multi-detector CT showed the tumour arisin...

BACKGROUND Crossed pulmonary arteries or single atrium is a rare form of cardiovascular anomaly. In previous studies, the anomalies are detected in infant or early adolescence, and infrequently seen in adult population. CASE PRESENTATION We presented a case of the coexistence of two congenital anomalies in a 44-year-old woman who remained well tolerated and undiscovered until adulthood. Physi...

We describe here a patient with a very rare ectopic unilateral single pulmonary vein, with normal distal drainage into the left atrium, and thus a non pathologic finding to be distinguished from clinically significant abnormalities.