social pathology, a new concept taken from biological science in the 19th century, is a science dealing with the study and analysis of social disorders. the objectives of this science are the identification of social injuries and their causes and methods of preventing them. lack of place sense (place belonging) and community sense in the citizens who have migrated to large cities create many so...

Although social scientists devote considerable effort to mitigating measurement error during data collection, they often ignore the issue during data analysis. And although many statistical methods have been proposed for reducing measurement error-induced biases, few have been widely used because of implausible assumptions, high levels of model dependence, difficult computation, or inapplicabil...

A significant volume of social science research effort is being directed at examining food systems that are regarded as being in some way ‘alternative’ to ‘conventional’ ways of food provisioning. This article provides an up-to-date critical review of this work on alternative food networks (AFNs), with particular emphasis on debates about definition, the types of AFN studied and the main concep...

0

background: social capital involves a set of norms available in social systems which improves the interaction between people and reduces the costs of interactions and communications. considering the importance of social capital, this research is aimed to study the social capital and factors affecting it among students of tehran university of medical sciences. methods: 400 students were particip...