Abstract Single sign-on (SSO) systems, such as OpenID and OAuth, allow Web sites to delegate user authentication third parties, Facebook or Google. These systems provide a convenient mechanism for users log in ease the burden of sites. Conversely, by integrating SSO they become crucial part security modern Web. So far, it has been hard prove if standards protocols actually meet their goals. par...

Sign languages are visual-gestural languages developed mainly in deaf communities; their tempo-spatial nature makes it difficult to write them, yet several transcription systems are available for them. Most sign languages dictionaries interact with their users via a transcriptionbased inteface; thus their users need to be expert of their specific transcription system. The e-LIS dictionary is th...

The success of a product depends upon its positioning which in turn is related to its brand name. A brand name may be defined as, a name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of these, that identifies the manufacturer or seller of a product or service (Kotler and Armstrong, 2002). Zikmund and d’Amico (1984) defined brand as any name, term, symbol sign, design, or unifying combination...

Sign Language is a means of communication between audibly challenged people. To provide an interface between the audibly challenged community and the rest of the world we need Sign Language translators. A sign language recognition system computerizes the work of a sign language translator. Every Sign Language Recognition (SLR) System is trained to recognize specific sets of signs and they corre...

Information Accessibility for disabled people is one of the most important design criteria for the China National Digital Library (CNDL) development. Sign language synthesis systems are effective to provide information services for people with hearing and speech impairments. This paper presents a framework of a sign language synthesis system application in CNDL, as well as discusses the relevan...

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recently, abbasbandy and asady have been proposed a modificationof the distance based approach, namely ``sign distance method''.however, in this paper, it is shown that this method has some drawbacks, i.e.,the result is not consistent with human intuition for specialcases and this method cannot always logically infer rankingorder of the images of the fuzzy numbers. in this paper, wepresent a re...