Mice were treated with several different potentially carcinogenic components of tobacco smoke. The chemicals used were: 4-aminobiphenyl and aniline-HCl, which are found in high concentrations in sidestream tobacco smoke; hydrazine sulfate, which is found in high concentrations in mainstream tobacco smoke; and 2-methylquinoline, which is found in intermediate concentrations in both sidestream an...

BACKGROUND Mixing of nebulized drugs is common in real life, but its consequences on aerosol output and granulometry are poorly known. METHODS In an in vitro study I evaluated the effects on aerosol output, drug output, and aerosol particle size characteristics of mixing either beclomethasone dipropionate or budesonide with albuterol and ipratropium bromide. I tested the SideStream and VentSt...

Seventeen commercially available jet nebulizers from 15 commercial sources were studied (Acorn-I, Acorn-II, AquaTower, AVA-NEB, Cirrhus, Dart, DeVilbiss 646, Downdraft, Fan Jet, MB-5, Misty Neb, PARI LC JET, PARI-JET, Salter 8900, Sidestream, Updraft-II, Whisper Jet). All nebulizers were filled with 2 ml of saline solution plus 0.5 ml of albuterol and powered with the same source (DeVilbiss Pul...

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is caused by exposure to toxic gases and particles, most often CS (cigarette smoke), leading to emphysema, chronic bronchitis, mucus production and a subsequent decline in lung function. The disease pathogenesis is related to an abnormal CS-induced inflammatory response of the lungs. Similar to active (mainstream) smoking, second hand (sidestream) sm...

The chemical composition of tobacco smoke has been extensively examined, and the presence of known and suspected carcinogens in such smoke has contributed to the link between tobacco smoking and adverse health effects. The consumption of marijuana through smoking remains a reality and, among youth, seems to be increasing. There have been only limited examinations of marijuana smoke, including f...

Mice were treated with several different potentially carcino genic components of tobacco smoke. The chemicals used were: 4-aminobiphenyl and aniline-HCI, which are found in high con centrations in sidestream tobacco smoke; hydrazine sulfate, which is found in high concentrations in mainstream tobacco smoke; and 2-methylquinoline, which is found in intermediate concentrations in both sidestream ...

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the US Surgeon General’s first report on Smoking and Health. This landmark report in 1964 concluded that cigarette smoking is harmful and causes lung and laryngeal cancer. In 1986, the Surgeon General released a further report on the Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, providing conclusive evidence that environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, ...