Reliability and validity are statistical concepts that are reviewed and then applied to the field of quantitative electroencephalography or qEEG. The review of the scientific literature demonstrated high levels of split-half and test re-test reliability of qEEG and convincing content and predictive validity as well as other forms of validity. qEEG is distinguished from nonquantitative EEG (“Eye...

PURPOSE The Braden Scale is one of the most intensively studied risk assessment scales used in identifying the risk of developing pressure sore. However, not all studies show that the predictive validity of this scale is sufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Braden Scale for predicting pressure ulcer development. METHODS Articles published 1946 and 2013 from periodicals in...

BACKGROUND Taxometric research on depression has yielded mixed results, with some studies supporting dimensional solutions and others supporting taxonic solutions. Although supplementary tests of construct validity might clarify these mixed findings, to date such analyses have not been reported. The present study represents a follow-up to our previous taxometric study of depression designed to ...

Individual differences in cognitive flexibility may underlie a variety of different user behaviors, but a lack of effective measurement tools has limited the predictive and descriptive potential of cognitive flexibility in humancomputer interaction applications. This study presents a new computerized measure of cognitive flexibility, and then provides evidence for convergent validity. Our findi...

The aim of this work was to update the validation of the Social Anxiety Screening Scale (SASS/EDAS) in a sample of Spanish adolescents. To achieve this, one study with a sample of 1489 students in secondary education, of ages 14 to 17 years, were carried out. The psychometric properties of EDAS were examined through confirmatory factor analysis, reliability (Cronbach's alpha), temporal stabilit...

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Health Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (KIDSCREEN-52) in a sample of Iranian students. Materials and Method: Using Multistage Sampling, 551 students from middle and high school, studying in Yazd city were selected as a sample. In this study” KIDSCREEN-52 HRQOL questionnaire”, and some other ...

BACKGROUND To date, few questionnaires examining psychosocial influences of physical activity (PA) participation have been psychometrically tested among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) youth. An understanding of these influences may help explain the observed differences in PA among CALD youth. Therefore, this study examined the reliability and predictive validity of a brief self-re...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study investigated and compared the responsiveness and validity of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) for patients after stroke rehabilitation. METHODS A total of 57 patients with stroke received 1 of 3 rehabilitation treatments for 3 weeks. At pretreatment and posttreatment, the 3 outcome m...

Anticipatory skin conductance responses [SCRs] are a widely used measure of aversive conditioning in humans. Here, we describe a dynamic causal model [DCM] of how anticipatory, evoked, and spontaneous skin conductance changes are generated by sudomotor nerve activity. Inversion of this model, using variational Bayes, provides a means of inferring the most likely sympathetic nerve activity, give...

This chapter provides a selective review of some contemporary approaches to program evaluation. One motivation for our review is the recent emergence and increasing use of a particular kind of “program” in applied microeconomic research, the so-called Regression Discontinuity (RD) Design of Thistlethwaite and Campbell (1960). We organize our discussion of these various research designs by how t...