background: prevalence of recurrent shoulder dislocation in patients taking tramadol has not been studiedyet so, this study aims to study the recurrent shoulder dislocation following tramadol induced seizure. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 205 patients with recurrent shoulder dislocation complaints (2 or more) referred to shafa orthopedic and iranmehr hospitals tehran, iran, from octob...

An anatomical variant of the extrahepatic bile duct is presented, as true gallbladder duplication. Congenital malformations are categorized into positional and morphologic abnormalities, duplication being included in latter.The accepted classification Boyden's. Based on relationship cystic with vesicular body, he described “vesica fellea divisa” (bilobed vesicle that drains a single shares comm...

abstract  background: rotator cuff tear is one of the most common causes of shoulder  complaints in the elderly. based on the severity and patient's condition, a variety of  methods applies to manage the tear and surgery is an important method, which could  be done by open or arthroscopic technique. the current study aimed to investigate  and report short-term results of arthroscopic repair of ...

background: office workers spend a long period of time behind a computer during working hours. the relation between the posture of sitting during work with computer and neck pain is still debatable. even though some researchers claim a significant difference in head posture between patients with neck pain and pain-free participants, the fhp (forward head posture) has not always been associated ...

frozen shoulder is a glenohumeral joint disorder that perturbs movement because of adhesion and the existence of fibrosis in the shoulder capsule. platelet-rich plasma can produce collagen and growth factors, which increases stem cells and consequently enhances the healing. to date, there is no evidence regarding the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in frozen shoulder. a 45-year-old man wi...

synovial chondromatosis affecting the glenohumeral joint is rare. treatment primarily consists of arthroscopic loose body removal and synovectomy. shoulder arthroplasty has been mentioned in the literature as a treatment option for patients with coexisting arthritis, although the results have been underreported. the case of an 84-year-old man with long standing synovial chondromatosis of the sh...

a hydatid cyst is a zoonotic infection caused by the larval forms of mostly the echinococcus granulosus. in humans, the most common site of cyst development is the liver (60%), followed by the lungs (20%), and much less commonly in other organs such as kidney, spleen, brain, and other soft tissues. the localization of cysts in muscles and subcutaneous is very rare. we report a case of 38-year-o...