Distribution of Natural Resources, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Development: Growth Dynamics with Two Elites This paper develops a model in which the interaction of entrepreneurial investments and power of the owners of land or other natural resources determines structural change and economic development. A more equal distribution of natural resources promotes structural change and growth thr...

nowadays, with technology progress and the emergence of new business models, increased levels of competition and changing demands and expectations of customers, using multi channels of distribution is growing rapidly. the coordination and integration of these channels with high efficiency and the elimination of these challenges requires more discussion. the purpose of this study is to investiga...

Diverting large quantities of goods from authorized distribution channels to unauthorized or “gray market” channels, albeit legal, significantly affects both firms and consumers due to effects on price, revenue, service and warranty availability, and product availability. In this paper we consider mechanisms by which the uncertainty surrounding inventory ordering decisions drives gray markets. ...

Metabolic-sensing ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels) adjust membrane excitability to match cellular energetic demand. In the heart, KATP channel activity has been linked to homeostatic shortening of the action potential under stress, yet the requirement of channel function in securing cardiac electrical stability is only partially understood. Here, upon catecholamine challenge, disruptio...

Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels contribute to pacemaker activity, and co-determine the integrative behaviour of neurons and shape their response to synaptic stimulation. Four channel isoforms, HCN1-4, have been described in mammals. Recent studies showed particularly strong expression of HCN1 channels in rods and cones of the rat retina, suggesting that HC...

one of the really important challenges facing agricultural producers is the choice of their product distribution channels. the present study is aimed at investigating the citrus marketing channel strategy and its determinants among citrus orchardists of mazandaran using a nested logit model. some two hundred and fifty two orchardists from 15 cities of mazandaran were taken as the study samples....

This paper studies how the real exchange rate changes with economic growth. Although Devereux (1999) proves that endogenous growth in the distribution sector can cause exchange rate depreciation, MacDonald and Rucci (2005) empirically find that growth in the distribution sector significantly causes the exchange rate to appreciate. To resolve the discrepancy, we replace perfect competition with ...