Varicella is a common and worldwide disease in childhood. It causes primary (chickenpox) and latent infection that may lead to a reactivation disease called zoster (shingles). Zoster or shingles is caused by reactivation of the virus that has been latent in the spinal dorsal ganglion and may occur even in immunocompetent hosts. Although zoster is rare in children, it ma...

Copper is used as an antimicrobial agent in building materials such as algae-resistant roofing shingles and treated wood products for decks, fences, and utility poles used in urbanized areas. Releases from these materials may pose risks to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Copper exposures in surface water, sediment, and soil were estimated for a hypothetical urban setting using the TREX water...

CASE PRESENTATION Mrs. Smith, a 56-year-old Caucasian woman, was seen in the office for complaints of a rash at her waist. She completed three cycles of dose-dense cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin chemotherapy for stage III breast cancer. The third cycle was 10 days prior. Grade III neutropenia was the only complete blood count abnormality.

A 66-year-old man who had end-stage renal disease and was undergoing maintenance hemodialysis presented with facial edema together with a strip of blisters and crust over the right side of his reddened forehead. Initially, the symptoms seemed indicative of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. However, his left periorbital area was more swollen than the infected right periorbital area (Figure 1A). The in...

In the Nordic countries, a major part of built heritage is constructed wood and on churches it still common for roofing to consist shingles. 20th century, there was paradigm shift when authorities made new standards where, example, variety species used throughout history replaced by pine with sapwood. Today, evident that broken traditions have resulted in roofings shorter life spans (Göllas &am...