A potential bottleneck for increasing the adoption of child health interventions has been limited attention to designing actions that are built on the essential role that caregivers play in determining their effectiveness. In the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial, we utilize the concept of maternal capabilities to examine participants' skills and attributes that affect ...

Both backward masking and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are capable of hindering perception of a visual target. To study the relationship between these two methods we applied TMS over the occipital pole in combination with the visual backward masking technique shine-through. The recently discovered weak shine-through mask consists of a horizontal grating with 25 vernier elements. In t...

1. Vitamin D-Defficiency or Infantile Rickets: This is extremely rare in the Sudan owing to the availability of sun-shine throughout the year. Since infantile rickets is common in some other African countries where sun-shine is also constant throughout the year, other factors, which obstruct the natural ultraviolet irradiation e.g. crowded housing and overprotection of infants must be operating...

Replication of the IncB miniplasmid pMU720 requires synthesis of the replication initiator protein, RepA, whose translation is coupled to that of a leader peptide, RepB. The unusual feature of this system is that translational coupling in repBA has to be activated by the formation of a pseudoknot immediately upstream of the repA Shine-Dalgarno sequence. A small antisense RNA, RNAI, controls rep...

Contextual elements can fundamentally change the perception of an embedded target. A recently discovered masking effect, shine-through, allows one to investigate the precise dynamics of contextual modulation of the human visual system. In this shine-through effect, a vernier precedes a grating comprising more than seven elements for display times as short as 10 ms. The vernier appears as a "shi...

The nifLA operon of Klebsiella pneumoniae encodes the sensor-activator pair involved in the regulation of other nif genes. Balanced synthesis of both proteins, which is required for correct regulation, is achieved by coupling translation of nifA to that of nifL. The mechanism of translational coupling at the nifLA operon was analysed using a specialized ribosome system, and the effect of substi...

Reduced folate status is now accepted as the most important risk factor for the occurrence (and recurrence) of NTD affected births (MRC Trial 1991). Consistent with this is a study that shows a graduation in risk in going for a reduced to an optimal folate status (Daly et al 1995). This study showed that in the index pregnancy (i.e. one in which the child had an NTD) there was a progressive rel...

Most models of vision focus either on the spatial or temporal aspects of visual processing and neglect the other component. A variety of studies have shown, however, that spatial and temporal processing cannot easily be separated. The shine-through effect has proven to be a sensitive tool to study spatio-temporal processing. Two very different dynamical models, the 3D-LAMINART and the WCTM mode...

We propose shiny analysis framework accompanied with makeup deterioration using normalized facial images (MaVIC and the corresponding makeup-deteriorated data sets). These images are analyzed and reconstructed based on principal component analysis (PCA) and then the differential ones between the reconstruction images with different numbers of PCA components can be generated. The shiny Eigen-fac...