This study attempts to propose the possibility of the sex reversal in Sinonovacula constricta and Gomphina veneriformis by confirming the changes in the sex ratio with the shell length in the same population level. For analysis of sex ratio, 100 individuals of S. constricta (SL 26.5-95.0 mm) and 2385 individuals of G. veneriformis (SL 15.1-60.1 mm) were used. Sex was analyzed histologically. Bo...

Sex-determining region Y is a crucial gene that initiates male sex determination in mammals. Mutations of the Sp1-binding site in the 5' flanking region of SRY are associated with clinical male-to-female sex reversal syndrome, although such occurrences are rare and, until now, have not been reported in animal models. In this study, we mutated Sp1-binding sites in the 5' flanking region of the r...

ESPITE a great deal of work on artificial control of gonadal sex differentiaD t i o n in every class of vertebrates, functional sex reversal induced by administration of sex hormones has rarely been achieved. Complete and functional sex reversal in genetic males under the influence of estrogens (either estrone or stilbestrol) was successful in a cyprinodont fish, the medaka (Oryzr" Zatipes) . I...

We investigate the evolution of the age (or size) at sex-reversal in a model of sequential hermaphroditism, by means of the function-valued adaptive dynamics. The trait is the probability law of the age at sex-reversal considered as a random variable. Our analysis starts with the ecological model which was first introduced and analyzed by Calsina and Ripoll (Math Biosci 208(2), 393-418, 2007). ...

BACKGROUND Prior studies have examined independent effects of a dopamine receptor D4 polymorphism (DRD4-7) and lead exposure on executive functions but not their interaction or the role of sex as a modifier of their effects. METHODS Multivariable analyses were used to examine effects of DRD4-7 genotype, 60-month blood lead level, and sex on spatial working memory, rule learning and reversal, ...

Sex determination in mammals is controlled by various transcription factors. Following the identification of SRY on the Y chromosome, several other factors have been identified. They can normally be identified as being involved in sex determination by the identification of sex reversal mutations or deletions, functional studies, and also by male-specific expression patterns in embryos. Here, it...