Background: Tryptophan metabolites such as serotonin, kynurenine, or kynurenic acids are considered to be the most important of gut microbiota. We wanted know about changes in tryptophan various diseases which etiology microbiota participate. Methods: Ultra-high speed liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) has been used analyze simultaneously all metabolites, we have explored for first...

Serotonin syndrome, or serotonin toxicity, is a serious disorder attributable to exaggerated serotonergic function in the brain, most commonly after antidepressant overdose or after combining several psychotropic medications. Similar condition (serotonin syndrome-like behavior) can be evoked in animals experimentally, following administration of serotonergic drugs. In addition to pharmacologica...

Excessive serotonin secretion is the hallmark of carcinoid syndrome. It leads to diarrhea, cramping, abdominal pain, wheezing and flushing. It is also associated with serious cardiac valve disease and lower life expectancy. Efforts to control serotonin production in carcinoid syndrome are currently limited to the use of somatostatin analogues and antitumor therapies such as surgery, radiation, ...

1. Lavery S, Ravi H, McDaniel WW, Pushkin YR. Linezolid and Serotonin Syndrome. Psychosomatics. 2001;42:432--4. 2. Sternbach H. The serotonin syndrome. Am J Psychiatry. 1991;148: 705--13. 3. Dunkley EJ, Isbister GK, Sibbritt D, Dawson AH, Whyte IM. The Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria: simple and accurate diagnostic decision rules for serotonin toxicity. QJM. 2003;96:635--42. 4. Dolz Aspas R,...

BACKGROUND The incidence of serotonin syndrome is increasing due to the widening use of serotonergic drugs. Identification of serotonin syndrome is challenging as the manifestations are diverse. Misdiagnosis can lead to delay in care and inappropriate treatment. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine if staff of community pharmacies in Australia could identify the symptoms ...

INTRODUCTION Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonergic activity in the central nervous system. It is characterized by mental status changes (eg, confusion, agitation, lethargy, coma), autonomic instability (eg, hyperthermia, tachycardia, diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils), and neuromuscular hyperactivity (eg, myoclonus,...