background: there was not documented evidence of toxoplasma infection in hamadan previously, but a brief report of isolation of a t. gondi strain from a turkey that it had high virulence to mice. in order to study of toxoplasma infection in the at risk population and to determine seropositivity in this target population, women aged 15 to 45 years, a study carried out in hamadan. methods: a tota...

background: the purpose of this study was seroepidemiological and parasitological assessment of toxocara canis infection in children and dogs in zabol and chabahar, iran. methods: this study was a descriptive-analytic study with a simple random sampling of children under 14 yr old, referring to urban, rural, and tribal laboratories of zabol and chabahar, sistan and baluchestan province, iran in...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of HAT Sero K-SeT for the field diagnosis of second-stage human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). DESIGN A phase III diagnostic accuracy design. Consecutive patients with symptoms clinically suggestive of HAT were prospectively enrolled. We compared results of the index test HAT Sero K-SeT with those of a composite reference standard: demonstration ...

Background: Dermatophytosis is a common superficial mycosis. It affects virtually every child at one stage or the other, but the disease may be more frequent in individuals with immunocompromising conditions. The typical characteristic of the rash is an annular, popular rash with a healing centre and an active periphery that may have an erythematous base and it occurs in different parts of the ...

BACKGROUND Sri Lanka achieved the WHO certificate as a malaria free country in September 2016, thus monitoring of malaria transmission using sensitive and effective tools is an important need. Use of age-specific antibody prevalence as a serological tool to predict transmission intensity is proven to be a cost effective and reliable method under elimination settings. This paper discusses the co...

BACKGROUND Patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis (HD) are at higher risk for acquiring Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections than the general population. Strict infection control measures are essential to prevent nosocomial transmission. We aimed to investigate the incidence and prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in the HD population of Libya as well as risk fac...

Dengue fever is a re-emerging tropical disease and its severe form is caused by cross-reactivity between its four serotypes (DEN1, DEN2, DEN3 and DEN4). The third domain of the viral envelope protein (ED3) contains the two major putative epitopes and is a highly suitable model protein for examining the molecular determinants of a virus' sero-specificity. Here we examine d the sero-specificity a...

BACKGROUND Sero-prevalence is a valuable indicator of prevalence and incidence of A/H1N1 2009 infection. However, raw sero-prevalence data must be corrected for background levels of cross-reactivity (i.e. imperfect test specificity) and the effects of immunisation programmes. METHODS AND FINDINGS We obtained serum samples from a representative sample of 1563 adults resident in Scotland betwee...

INTRODUCTION Asymptomatic persons infected with the parasites causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL) usually outnumber clinically apparent cases by a ratio of 4-10 to 1. We describe patterns of markers of Leishmania donovani infection and clinical VL in relation to age in Bihar, India. METHODS We selected eleven villages highly endemic for Leishmania donovani. During a 1-year interval we conduct...

BACKGROUND HIV-infected (HIVI) men who have sex with men (MSM) may transmit HIV to their sero-discordant sex partner/s. This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes and sex-practices of Israeli HIVI-MSM. METHODS This cross-sectional study compared HIVI-MSM to self-reported HIV-uninfected (HIVU) MSM by using anonymous questionnaires that were distributed in AIDS-treatment centers and gay-relat...