the study of the sentence and its divisions has been always a cause of difference in syntactical viewpoints among the ancient and modern arab grammarians. ibn hesham sees three divisions for the arabic sentence: the noun sentence, the verb sentence and the adverb sentence. the adverb sentence in his view is that in which a time or place adverb or a prepositional phrase is the predicate proceede...

Sentence reduction is the problem of removing redundant words or phrases from an input sentence by creating a new sentence, in which the gist of the meaning of the original sentence is unchanged. All most previous methods required a syntax parser before reducing sentence. However, these methods were difficult to apply to a language in which there was not a reliable parser. In this paper, we pro...

Dynamical, self-organizing models of sentence processing predict "digging-in" effects: The more committed the parser becomes to a wrong syntactic choice, the harder it is to reanalyze. Experiment 1 replicates previous grammaticality judgment studies (F. Ferreira & J. M. Henderson, 1991b, 1993), revealing a deleterious effect of lengthening the ambiguous region of a garden-path sentence. The aut...

We report a new phenomenon associated with language comprehension: the action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE). Participants judged whether sentences were sensible by making a response that required moving toward or away from their bodies. When a sentence implied action in one direction (e.g., "Close the drawer" implies action away from the body), the participants had difficulty making a sen...

Rapid improvement of electronic documents in World Wide Web has made overload to the users in accessing the information. Therefore, abstracting the primary content from numerous documents related to same topic is highly essential. Summarization of multiple documents helps in valuable decision-making in less time. This paper proposed a framework named Adept Multi-Document Summarization (AMDS) fo...