In recent years, young college English teachers’ professional development has become a core issue. The traditional training of young teachers ignored the empirical, experiencing and diversifying nature of language teachers’ professional development. From the perspective of constructivism, this paper elaborates the impacts of teaching reflection on young college English teachers and highlights f...

This article analyzes the role of entropy in Bayesian statistics, focusing on its use as a tool for detection, recognition and validation of eigen-solutions. “Objects as eigen-solutions” is a key metaphor of the cognitive constructivism epistemological framework developed by the philosopher Heinz von Foerster. Special attention is given to some objections to the concepts of probability, statist...

Constructivism is a learning theory that states that people learn by actively constructing their own knowledge, based on prior knowledge. A significant number of ICT-based constructivist learning systems have been proposed in recent years. A critical problem related to the design and use of this kind of systems has been the lack of a practical means to facilitate the instructional design proces...

This paper discusses the basic philosophical assumptions of objectivism and constructivism including their implications for course design, interaction, and evaluation in distance education. First, I provide a brief overview of the construct of interaction as it is used in the field of distance education. Second, I address the major philosophical ideas of objectivism and constructivism as they r...

Abstract This paper highlights the concept of constructivism that underpins theory and practice foreign language teaching. The dominance this pedagogical movement in second half 20th century beginning 21st has been particularly important for study understanding digitally supported forms learning. Constructivism can provide a response to analysis new learning: it is based on premise knowledge tr...

Context: At present we lack both a common understanding of the process of cognition in living organisms (with or without a nervous system and brain) and the details of the construction of knowledge in embodied, embedded cognizing agents in general, including future artifactual intelligent agents under development, such as cognitive robots and softbots. The info-computational approach is focused...