energy policy making in the third millennium is summarized in three areas. the first area: moving toward the use of renewable, clean and environment compatible energy, the second area: restructuring in the energy sector, to make it competitive, & finally, the third area is: increasing efficiency in energy consumption. power industry as a growing sub-section of energy sector, especially in recen...

General solutions and conditions are presented for paraxial waves that image themselves with different scales through free propagation. These waves, represented as superpositions of Gauss-Laguerre modes, have finite energy and thus finite effective width. The self-imaging wave fields described by Montgomery [J. Opt. Soc. Am. 57, 772 (1967)], which possess a Fourier transform that is confined to...

We demonstrate that to calculate the self-energy of a heavy quark in the heavy quark limit (or the heavy fermion limit in what is called the Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory), the use of standard dimensional regularization provides only the quantum limit: opposite to the heavy quark (or classical) limit that one wishes to obtain. We thus devised a standard ultraviolet/infrared regularization p...

I report on work done with Tomislav Prokopec (Heidelberg, CERN). We computed the one loop self-energy of a massless fermion during inflation. When the fermion is free it experiences only a small amount of inflationary particle production owing to the conformal invariance of its classical action. However, when the fermion is Yukawa coupled to a massless, minimally coupled scalar, there is copiou...

The general problem of representing the Greens function G(k,z) in terms of self-energy in field theories lacking Wick’s theorem is considered. A simple construction shows that a Dyson-like representation with a self-energy !(k,z) is always possible, provided we start with a spectral representation for G(k,z) for finite-sized systems and take the thermodynamic limit. The self-energy itself can t...