The methanolic extract of Lycopus europaeus was evaluated on central nervous system. The methanolic extract produced significant sedative effect at the doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg (by oral route), compared to reference substance diazepam in hole board and thiopental -induced sleeping time methods. While the hypnotic effect was calculated at the doses of 800 and 1000 mg/kg via oral pathway s...

OBJECTIVE To critically evaluate the use of analgosedation in the management of agitation in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. DATA SOURCES Literature was accessed through MEDLINE (1948-November 2011) and Cochrane Library (2011, issue 1) using the terms analgosedation, analgosedation, or analgesia-based sedation alone or in combination with intensive care unit or critically ill...

Antidepressant-like activity of T. kotschyanus has been recently reported by scientists but insufficient attention has ‎so far been devoted to T. kotschyanus, and there is a lack of information on the other neurobehavioral effects and ‎side effects of this species. In the current study, the anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic, effects of ‎Thymus kotschyanus extract on male NMRI mic...

Four new pentacyclic benzodiazepine derivatives (PBDTs 13-16) were synthesized by conventional thermal heating and microwave-assisted intramolecular cyclocondensation. Their anticonvulsant, sedative and anxiolytic activities were evaluated by drug-induced convulsion models, a pentobarbital-induced hypnotic model and an elevated plus maze in mice. PBDT 13, a triazolopyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiaze...

In the present study, four non-drug-abusing humans were trained to discriminate between a hypnotic dose of pentobarbital, 100 mg, and placebo. After acquiring the pentobarbital-placebo discrimination, a range of doses of zolpidem, triazolam, pentobarbital and caffeine were tested to determine whether they shared discriminative stimulus effects with the training dose of pentobarbital, Zolpidem, ...

The term 'barbiturate' refers to drugs which are derivatives of barbituric acid (malonylurea). Barbituric acid itself has no significant psychotropic properties, but its derivatives may have a variety of effects on the central nervous system. Certain of those compounds with significant depressant or sedative-hypnotic properties are of primary importance in medical and nonmedical use. Many of th...

Insomnia is a common, often chronic medical disorder with significant medical and socioeconomic repercussions. However, unlike other medical conditions, there is intense debate as to whether the long-term treatment of insomnia is clinically appropriate. The perceived deleterious side effect of sedative-hypnotic medications may result in patients remaining untreated or undertreated. This review ...

Antidepressant-like activity of T. kotschyanus has been recently reported by scientists but insufficient attention has ‎so far been devoted to T. kotschyanus, and there is a lack of information on the other neurobehavioral effects and ‎side effects of this species. In the current study, the anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic, effects of ‎Thymus kotschyanus extract on male NMRI mic...