BACKGROUND Acute behavioural disturbance (ABD) is a common problem in psychiatry and both physical restraint and involuntary parenteral sedation are often required to control patients. Although guidelines are available, clinical practice is often guided by experience and there is little agreement on which drugs should be first-line treatment for rapid tranquilisation. This study aimed to invest...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The use of moderate to deep sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures has increased in Europe considerably. Because this level of sedation is a risky medical procedure, a number of international guidelines have been developed. This survey aims to review if, and if so which, quality aspects have been included in new sedation practices when compared to traditional uncont...

BACKGROUND Adequate assessment and control of sedation play crucial roles in the proper performance of mechanical ventilation. METHODS A total of 30 patients with various pulmonary diseases were prospectively enrolled. The study population was randomized into two groups. The sedation assessment group (SAG) received active protocol-based control of sedation, and in the empiric control group (E...

For more than 30 years, sedation using benzodiazepines, combined or not with opioids, has been used as a standard regimen for gastrointestinal endoscopy; it is usually referred to as traditional sedation. Sedation management in gastrointestinal endoscopy varies between European countries according to the different legal frameworks and different healthcare systems. In the majority of European co...

Introduction—Vargo Sedation Pharmacology—DeLegge Informed Consent for Endoscopic Sedation—Feld Periprocedure Assessment for Endoscopic Procedures— Kwo Levels of Sedation—Lightdale Training in the Administration of Specific Agents for Moderate Sedation—Gerstenberger Training in Airway/Rescue Techniques and Management of Complications—Rex Anesthesiologist Assistance for Endoscopic Procedures— Var...

PURPOSE Sedatives and analgesics are commonly used in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit. Sedation guidelines have been shown to improve sedation management as well as various patient outcomes. The main objective was to evaluate adherence to a sedation guideline with both sedative prescribing and documentation of Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) scores. METHOD...

INTRODUCTION Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) are generally sedated for prolonged periods. Over-sedation and under-sedation both have negative effects on patient safety and resource use. We conducted a systematic review of the literature in order to establish the incidence of sub-optimal sedation (both over- and under-sedation) in ICUs. METHODS We searched Medline, Embase and CINAHL (C...

As many therapeutic endoscopic procedures are invasive, time-consuming, and has the risk of complications, adequate sedation is mandatory for safe procedure. The methods of sedation are variable from weak sedation with small doses of narcotics to general anesthesia. For therapeutic endoscopic procedures, benzodiazepines or propofol with/without narcotics have been most commonly used for sedatio...

Percutaneous endoscopic laser discectomy (PELD) is a painful intervention that requires deep sedation and analgesia. However, sedation should be light at some point because cooperation by the patient during the procedure is required for successful surgical treatment. Light sedation poses a problem for endotracheal intubation, while patients placed in the prone position during percutaneous endos...

Objectives Pre- and post-sedation effect of oral Midazolam to promethazine in2-6 yrs old fearful children for dental treatment Methods This randomized clinical trial was carried out on a group of 26 children aged 2-6 years referred to the dental school due to their fear and multiple dental needs. Patients were selected from ASA I or II classification and scored 1 in Frankl Behavior scale. Each...