introduction although temperatures in 0 and below 0 c° in the cold season of the year and mid latitudes are not necessarily considered an extreme phenomenon, but their long-term durability in a widespread area or their sudden occurrence in the beginning and end of the cold season can make this faetor an extreme extent phenomenon. the extreme phenomena are resulted from interaction between large...

1. introduction heavy snow hazards, although have less frequency in comparison with extreme weather events such as freezing, but are major hazards in midlatitudes (smith, 2009, 196). heavy snow damages manmade structures, crops, casualties, even between urban and rural ways of blocking.(briant. 69, 2005. ohara et al, 2009, 1611). various definitions have been offered for heavy snow, those are c...

The meteorological conditions during the period of spring transition over the Middle East and the Persian Gulf and adjacent land area is investigated. Monthly and seasonal variations of large-scale atmospheric patterns and wind aloft features at different levels were drawn from data collected from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Researches. ...

The response elicited by exercise on pulmonary pressure, cardiac output, and arterial oxygen saturation in 35 lifetime residents of high altitude has been studied at high altitude (14,900 feet above sea level), and 22 residents of low altitude have been studied at sea level. A procedure combining cardiac catheterization, arterial cannulation, and spirometry was carried out. The exercise was mod...

the aim of this research is investigating the relations between climatic large scale signals and spring rainfall of khorasan-e razavi province. in this research, we have analyzed 38 years of rainfall data in khorasan-e razavi province, located in northeastern iran. we attempted to train artificial neural network based upon climatic large scale signals with 38 years of rainfall data. for perform...

Commercial and subsistence fisheries pressure is increasing in the Gulf of California, Mexico. One consequence often associated with high levels of fishing pressure is an increase in bycatch of marine mammals and birds. Fisheries bycatch has contributed to declines in several pinniped species and may be affecting the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) population in the Gulf of Califor...

weather process prediction is the tool for managers to planning the future political for maximum operation. the aim of this research is relation investigation of large scale synoptically patterns with seasonal rainfall of khorasan province. in this research, we have analyzed 37 years of rainfall data in khorasan province that is located the northeastern part of iran .we attempted to train adapt...

The National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate System Model (NCAR CCSM, version 3) numerical coupled model is used to understand the climatic impacts on the South Atlantic Ocean due to industrialization and consequent increase of greenhouse gas emission. Two experiments are analyzed: the first one with trace/greenhouse gases at pre-industrial levels and a second one where presen...

The maximum height of a siphon is generally assumed to be dependent on barometric pressure-about 10 m at sea level. This limit arises because the pressure in a siphon above the upper reservoir level is below the ambient pressure, and when the height of a siphon approaches 10 m, the pressure at the crown of the siphon falls below the vapour pressure of water causing water to boil breaking the co...

The quality of pressure distribution over the atmosphere of the sea level and geopotential altitude at different atmosphere layers affect on many climate and meteorology phenomena of the earth surface. One of the important meteorology phenomenon is the occurrence of frost phenomenon especially late spring frost. In this surrey, occurring late spring frost days and minimum temperature during the...