3,7-Dimethylpentadecan-2-ol and 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol were identified in female whole body extracts from the two pine sawfly species Gilpinia frutetorum and Gilpinia socia. This is the first observation of 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol in extracts of a female pine sawfly species. Synthetic and highly pure stereoisomers of 3,7-dimethylpentadecan-2-ol and 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol were used to verify t...

The purpose of this study was to determine the necessity of nitric oxide (NO) for hypertrophy and fiber-type transition in overloaded (OL) skeletal muscle. Endogenous NO production was blocked by administering N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 0.75 mg/ml; approximately 100 mg x kg-1 x day-1) in drinking water. Thirty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats (approximately 250 g) were randomly...

Lithocholate (LC) (10-300 microM) in physiological solution is sensed by vascular myocyte large conductance, calcium- and voltage-gated potassium (BK) channel beta(1) accessory subunits, leading to channel activation and arterial dilation. However, the structural features in steroid and target that determine LC action are unknown. We tested LC and close analogs on BK channel (pore-forming cbv1+...

1. Pseudomonas sp. N.C.I.B. 8858 grew well on Dand L-1-aminopropan-2-ol and on aminoacetone. 2. Cell-free extracts possessed high activities of inducibly formed L1-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD+ oxidoreductase, amino alcohol-ATP phosphotransferase, DL-1-aminopropan-2-ol 0-phosphate phospho-lyase and aldehyde-NAD+ oxidoreductase, but no 1-aminopropan-2-ol racemase or D-I-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD+ oxidoreduct...

The article presents the results of collaborative study method for gas chromatographic determination alcoholic fermentation volatile by-products (acetaldehyde, methanol, methyl acetate, ethyl propan-2-ol, propan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, and 3-methylbutan-1-ol) in beverages with volume ethanol content a range 9.9–96.0% (wine, sake, liquor, tequila, vodka, grappa, bourbon, scotch, c...

“Salting out effect” means that the addition of an organic solvent to an aqueous solution of a salt will reduce the solubility of salts and thus induce its precipitation.1 Therefore, the investigations of the physicochemical properties of inorganic salts in organic solvents – water, such as solubility data together with density, refractive index and so on, are of great scientific importance. Va...

Learning of patterns by neural networks obeying general rules of sensory transductl and of converting membrane potentials to spiking frequencies is considered. A finite number of cells Ol can sample a pattern playing on any finite number of cells without causing irrevocable sampling bias if Ol = f:H or Ol () f:H = 1". Total eneJ transfer from inputs of Ol to outputs of f:H depends on the entrop...

Objective To investigate paediatricians’ perception and awareness of off-label (OL) and unlicensed drug usage in clinical practice. Methods We conducted a questionnaire-based, observational study involving 28 departments/speciality units of four tertiary paediatrics Italian hospitals. The questionnaire was sent to a designated paediatrician in each department/speciality unit with the request th...